Caryophyllaceæ. 287 



is almost self-pollination in the bud. In specimens from 

 Upernivik (C. Ryder) the flowers were closed and the styles 

 were closely surrounded by the anthers. — $ are very com- 

 mon in Greenland, as far as 73° N. lat. They are < ?, the 

 petals being 8 (to 10) mm in length (sometimes only slightly 

 longer than the calyx), while in ^ they are 11 — 12 mm long; 

 the pistils appear to be the same, but the stigmatic papillæ 

 are larger in $ (Fig. 26a, D) than in ^ (Fig. C, c^). The stamens 

 may be abortive in varying degrees; the anthers may have 

 a somewhat normal form, but be quite transparent, or the 

 stamens might be, for instance, 4- — 414111m long and have 

 yellowish anthers, which is, however, devoid of pollen (Fig. 

 rfi- — d^). Near Godhavn I found one $ in the same tuft as 

 g, consequently gynomonoecism. In several female flowers 

 from Godhavn (69° N. lat.) I saw the stigmas densely covered 

 with pollen-grains, so that insect-pollination must be able 

 to take place. 



Intermediate forms also occur, for instance, flowers 

 with two normal stamens and the others sterile; or four 

 cal. -St. and one cor.-st. abortive, or even eight normal and 

 two quite abortive. 



East Greenland. ^ (gathered by P. Eberlin), agree 

 with those from the west coast, but the flowers are smaller 

 (petals 9 mm). 



Fruit ripons in Greenland from the southern point up 

 to at least U](ernivik (seed. Fig. 26a, E). 



Spitzbergen. ^ (gathered by Nathorst; 1. 7. 1882), 

 agree with those from Greenland. Fruit set, which ripens 

 both here and I think in all other Arctic regions, e. g. Grin- 

 nel Land, Sabine Island, the north coast of Siberia, etc. 



Var. |3 cæspitosum (Malmgr.), Fig. 26b, gathered by Nat- 

 horst. The specimens are very small (foliage-leaves 5 mm 

 long and 31/2 inrn broad), quite glabrous; appear to have 



19* 



