Caryophyllaceæ. 315 



(The magnification the same, viz. about 2Y2 for A, B, C, D, E, 

 K, L, and ''1 for the majority of the isolated stamens, etc.). 



(J: A, from Greenland (about 60° N. lat.). All the stamens are 

 open and full of pollen. Detached petal (a^), pistil (a^) and pollen- 

 grain (a^). B, from Denmark. C: ? from Reykjavik (about 7 mm 

 in diam.). D: from Spitzbergen (Nathorst; 9. 8. 1882); about 6 mm 

 in diam.; cal.-anth. open, cor.-anth. closed; see d^. 



^: E, from Spitzbergen (Nathorst; 9. 8. 1882), taken from a 

 branch on w^hich was a large fruit. Sepals 5 mm, petals 2^4 mm. There 

 was germinatiag pollen upon the stigmas; to this belong e^ and e^. 



c?: F, from Tromsö, with style (f^). G, nat. size, with g^ and 

 g^; from Altenfjord. H, from Kola (Dr. Brotherus), nat. size; to 

 this belong Л^ (one cor.-st. abortive), h^ and h^. 



$: J, from Kola (Dr. Brotherus) with i^ and i-; these flowers 

 from Kola are remarkable on account of their long and pointed sepals. 

 K: $, from Spitzbergen (Nathorst; 9. 8. 1882). Pollen rather abun- 

 dant on the stigma and some of it germinating. The anthers (/c^) were 

 quite transparent. L: $ from Tromsö; to this belong V-, Z', l^. (E. W.) 



the relative length of the calyx and the corolla varies, as 

 shown in Fig. 37 (cal. > cor. in Fig. Л, C, i); cal. = cor. in 

 Fig. 5); the petals may be as long as the sepals- or much 

 shorter, for instance, half as long, and examples of both 

 kinds of flowers may be found on the same shore. 



Flowers are also recorded in which the petals are entirely 

 absent (f. apetala) or in which the petals have partially dis- 

 appeared. The diameter of the flower varies greatly according 

 to the degree to which the sepals have expanded, and in- 

 creases during the flowering period; it varies between 7 — 

 14 mm. 



The petals vary also in form, and the narrower they 

 are, the more reduced is the venation (compare Fig. a^, d^ 

 and ^^). I have not found the form in which the corolla is 

 entirely wanting {apetala Rostr.). The length of the stamens 

 varies also, relatively to the corolla and the calyx. The 

 pistil is remarkably large, usually 3^ — 4 mm in length and 

 appears to be normal, but the styles are very short (^/3 — 

 1^/2 mm), almost conical, erect and minutely papillose, and 

 they always remain so (see Fig. a^; F^ /^; h^). 



