378 Fr. J. Mathiesen. 



128; Norman, 1895, p. 452; Kerner, 1898, p. 350; Knuth, 1899, p. 

 171; Gleve, 1901, pp. 12, 16, 25, 40, 57 and 89; Eastwood, 1902, 

 p. 292; PoRSiLD, 1902, pp. 119, 181 and 209; 1910, p. 267; 1920, 

 p. 140; Kruuse, 1905, p. 175; 1906, p. 248; 1911, in part IV pp. 

 196, 202, 229, 230, 242, 247, 255, 261, 262, besides many notes in 

 the preceding parts; Sylvén, 1906, p. 80; Huchedé, 1907, p. 73, fig. 

 IV, A^ fig. VI, Ci; Schröter, 1908, pp. 221, 226, 468 and 493; Тн. 

 Resvoll, 1917, p. 208. 



Nanophyllous sympodial chamæphyte with primary root 

 which dies away early (Sylvén), and abundant development 

 of adventitious roots from the stem-bases, this in conjunction 

 with the fact that the older shoots gradually die away, de- 

 termines the vegetative reproduction, enabling the plants 

 to form lax, but large tufts (Kruuse, 1906, p. 248). The 

 winter-buds either rest upon, or are slightly raised above, 

 the surface of the ground. 



The Shoot-development has been described by Тн. 

 Resvoll; it is a process of two years duration, as in the 

 foregoing species; the first-year's part of the shoots is either 

 erect or obliquely ascending or quite horizontal, as in Тн. 

 Resvoll's Figs. 60 and 61; most often only 1 — 2 cm long and 

 bearing a few small leaves. The next year the growth of the 

 shoot is continued in a vertical direction, while essentially 

 larger leaves are being formed; the shoot is frequently ter- 

 minated by an inflorescence; the flowers are already formed 

 during the autumn of the first year (1. c). Special bud- 

 scales do not occur, the end of the axis is only pro- 

 tected by the uppermost pair of leaves. After the fruit has 

 ripened, the axis dies away to slightly above the "innova- 

 tion-buds"; the latter occur, however, often rather far down 

 on the shoots, even in the axils of the very first pair of 

 leaves, which causes the branches of the sympodia to be- 

 come very short, and the stems crowded. 



Of the two shoots in the axils of two opposite leaves, 

 the one may be far more vigorously developed than the 



