Scrophulariaceae. 399 



pp. 9, 15, 20, 46 and 57; 1895 (I), pp. 146, 170, 179 and 289; 1895 (II), 

 pp.335, 359, 372 and 377; Hartz and Kruuse, 1911, pp.359, 364, 

 409, 416, 423 and 428; Wettstein, 1896, p. 136; Abromeit, 1899, 

 p. 46; DusÉN, 1901, p. 40; Porsild, 1902, p. 197; 1912, pp. 382 and 

 387; 1920, p. 141; Kruuse, 1905, p. 176; 1906, p. 250; 1911: in part 

 IV, pp. 196, 229, 242, 247 and 261, and besides these many notes in 

 the preceding parts; Jørgensen, 1919, p. 99. 



As regards the Morphology, Biology and Anatomy of 

 the Euphrasia spp. see: Müller, 1881, p. 279; Hovelacque, 

 1888, pp.400, 454 and 477; Lindman, 1887, p. 81; Koch, 

 1895, pp. 140—144; Wettstein, 1896; Heinricher, 1898 

 and 1902; Knuth, 1899, pp. 202—206; and Kerner, 1900. 



Nanophyllous therophyte; the seed germinates during 

 early summer. 



The main root is rather scantily branched; above the 

 cotyledons there are 1 — 3 pairs of leaves separated by rather 

 long internodes ; "the first flowers generally occur in the axils 

 of the 3rd or 4th pair of leaves, frequently in that of the 

 2nd pair, more rarely not until in that of the 5th, and as 

 an exception, even in that of the 1st pair" (Jörgensen). To- 

 wards the apex of the stem, the distance between the leaf- 

 pairs becomes very short; the leaves become broader, and 

 their teeth longer and more pointed than are those on the 

 lower leaves of the stem; they all subtend flowers. The 

 branching is, as a rule, scanty; sometimes a few weakly- 

 developed branches are seen to proceed from the uppermost 

 pair of leaves below the inflorescence; occasionally, however, 

 branches, almost as vigorous as the main axis, may be devel- 

 oped from the axils of the two lowermost pairs of leaves — - 

 in this case it is evidently a matter of rather late-flowering 

 individuals (August — September). Stem, leaves and calices 

 are more or less densely covered with hairs. 



■'Die Pflanze variiert sehr viel, von sehr klein und ein- 

 fach, mit wenigen Blüthen — so häufig an der Witterung 



26* 



