Scrophulariaceae. 



425 



(seen from the front); besides this, the whole flower is subject 

 to torsion around its axis to the right; this causes the upper 

 lip to slope even more to the right, while its helmet-shaped 

 apex, and the part of the style turned downwards, point 

 to the left; the lower lip stands almost in the vertical plane 

 (LiNDMAN, p. 84, PL IV, fig. 47, A and B). 



"The calyx is dark-red, the corolla pale yellow or brim- 

 stone-coloured. On the lower lip there are two conspicuous 

 convexities covered with 

 hairs, the corolla-tube is 

 6 — 8 mm long" . . . "The 

 slit of the upper lip is 

 about 1 — 1^2 mni wide; 

 the front stamens are 

 slightly hairy or glabrous. 

 The style may be enclosed 

 (and this is the case at the 

 same time as the anthers 

 are open), but usually it protrudes more or less, from 

 1.5 to 2.5 mm or even more (without being moved away 

 from its natural position up to the dorsal side of the upper 

 lip). Even in the bud it protrudes somewhat, so that the 

 stigma comes into contact with the lower lip; the former 

 is even at that time papillose, and appears ripe, consequently, 

 slight protogyny appears to prevail. Afterwards the anthers 

 are seen to have dehisced, without the length of the style 

 having altered; consequently, self-pollination appears to be 

 able to take place, but not easily, because although it is 

 true that the anthers come to stand vertically above the 

 stigma, yet the distance between them is comparatively 

 great". (Warming, p. 219, fig. 33, reproduced here as Fig. 21). 



All authors join in attributing perfume to the flowers 

 of P. lapponica; Lindman mentions its "strong perfume". 



Fig. 21. Pedicularis lapponica. 



A flower with a far-protruding style. 



(Greenland, about 67° N. lat.) 



(E. Warming, 1890.) 



