440 Fr. J. Mathiesen. 



branches which, during the flowering year, arise in the axils 

 of the fohage-leaves on that part of the stem which has elong- 

 ated internodes. These lateral shoots increase in length down- 

 wards to some way below the middle of the parent-shoot, 

 and then again become shorter towards its base; here they 

 are often purely vegetative, while the upper ones bear, in 

 addition to 2 — 3 decussated pairs of foliage-leaves, a small 

 inflorescence corresponding with that of the parent-shoot. 



In the pollacanthous individuals the innovation shoots 

 are produced in the axils of the uppermost bud-scales; they 

 usually develop only a few pairs of opposite foliage-leaves, 

 then bud-scales, and then the following year, they most 

 often terminate their growth by the formation of an in- 

 florescence. I cannot deny that there is a possibility of the 

 innovation shoots also flowering without any preceding 

 rosette-formation, and therefore, in their first year, develop- 

 ing only bud-scales; in this case the species would be a 

 transitional form between the semi-rosette type and the 

 protohemicryptophyte-type. 



In individuals in which a "rhizoma multiceps" is devel- 

 oped, the uppermost part of the main root may become as 

 much as 2 cm thick. 



The flower-bearing stem may become as much as 25 cm 

 high; after flowering, the axis of the inflorescence is some- 

 what elongated. 



On the basis of material from Greenland (about 67° 

 N. lat.) E. Warming gives the following description of the 

 structure of the flower (cf. Fig. 28): "This species, which is 

 in no wise common in Greenland, is very conspicuous owing 

 to its numerous inflorescences with yellow, fragant flowers; 

 the tip and the helmet of the yellow corolla is slightly brown- 

 ish. The flowers are very oblique, the lower lip being highly 

 obHque (Fig. 28, A^ B, D and H); but the upper lip also is 



