Scrophulariaceae, 479 



under the microscope. The shoot which was terminated by 

 this winter-bud, was one year old — consequently, the length 

 of the purely vegetative period in this case will only have 

 been one year — during the previous year it had, as is usually 

 the case, unfolded 2 fohage-leaves ; the bud-scales numbered 5. 



The maximum height of the flower-bearing shoot was 

 found to be 28 cm; from Iceland and Greenland I found 

 small individuals, flowering for the first time, which were 

 only 3 cm high. A specimen from Disco differed entirely by 

 a total absence of foliage-leaves on the above-ground stem, 

 which was 20 cm high, and by having flowers, the lowermost 

 of which were long-stalked almost down to the base; the 

 axis was comparatively very thick (about 8 mm in diameter). 



E. Warming found the flowers from Norway (W. Fin- 

 mark), Iceland and Greenland to agree entirely in structure; 

 from his descriptions I quote the following: "The flowers 

 are not very conspicuous; their lower part stands erect, 

 almost parallel with the axis of the inflorescence, their upper 

 part is bent shghtly forward (Fig. 42, Л); the colour is yel- 

 low, the upper part of the helmet is, however, more or less 

 reddish-brown. The corolla-tube is only 7 — 8 mm long; the 

 lower lip is very small, ^\^th three rounded lobes, and often 

 appears smaller still by the fact of its edges being bent 

 backwards (Fig. 42, C). The cleft of the upper lip is some- 

 times very narrow (^/2 mm, see Fig. 42, D), but sometimes 

 wider, even so wide that there is a large entrance to the 

 interior of the flower, as for example in flowers with an 

 upper lip curved strongly forward. 



This species appears to be as highly adapted to self- 

 pollination, as it is poorly adapted to insect-pollination, 

 which also agrees with the fact that it is so little conspicuous. 

 I never saw the stigma protrude from the blunt, untoothed 

 tip; so it is placed immediately in front of, or shghtly under 



31* 



