Scrophulariaceae. 489 



longer stands in front of, but below the anthers; these are 

 no longer united, and shed their pollen spontaneously, which 

 is scattered down upon the stigma, and effects self-pollination 

 in case cross-pollination should fail. Lindman and Warming 

 mention nothing regarding this point; I observed it in many- 

 inflorescences but must, however, add that the curvature 

 may also take place in the uppermost part of the corolla-tube. 



Kerner (Die Schutzmittel der Blüthen gegen unberu- 

 fene Gäste, 1876) and after him H. Müller, describes the 

 pollination of P. recutita^ a species very similar to the pre- 

 sent one, and, in so doing, states that the insect (humble- 

 bee) on its visit thrusts its proboscis into the narrow furrow 

 between the two convexities on the lower lip, and forces 

 these and the edges of the slit of the upper lip apart from 

 each other; while Lindman maintains that the furrow in 

 P. recutita is too narrow an opening for the introduction of 

 the proboscis of the humble-bee, as this is not even pos- 

 sible in the larger-flowered P. Oederi^ where the proboscis 

 can only be thrust in higher up, at about the middle of the 

 revolute portions of the edges of the upper lip ("die Rolle"), 

 Visitors: Lindman observed Bombus nivalis and Bombus 

 alpinus; Aurivillius mentions frequent visits of humble- 

 bees. 



According to Warming, fruit is set abundantly in 

 Scandinavia. 



Geographical Distribution. In the Carpathians and 

 the Alps ("ganze nördliche Kette von St. Gallen bis Waadt — 

 fehlt den Centralalpen," Schröter), the mountainous districts 

 of Scandinavia, Arctic Russia and Siberia (recorded by 

 Kjellman from several localities along the north coast of 

 Siberia), Nova Zembla, Central Asia and the mountainous 

 districts of East Asia. 



Habitat: Blytt (Håndbog i Norges Flora) records 



