494 Fr. J. Mathiesen. 



b. Rosette- or semi-rosette plants: Pedicularis spip. 



1. With Runners: P. lapponica and P. capitata. 



In P. lapponica the runners are most frequently mono- 

 podial, and during a limited number of growth-periods they 

 form few-leaved rosettes at their apex, while the floral 

 shoots, without any preceding vegetative stage, arise later- 

 ally on the rosette-axis. Sometimes the runners may ter- 

 minate their growth by the formation of a floral portion. 

 Floral shoots may also arise laterally on the basal portion 

 of older shoots of the same kind, so that a small rhizoma 

 multiceps is developed. 



In P. capitata the runner terminates its growth after a 

 vegetative period of 1 — 3 years, by the formation of a floral 

 portion, often without foliage-leaves (a peduncle). 



The winter-buds of both species are protected by scale- 

 leaves. Adventitious roots are developed and vegetative 

 reproduction takes place. 



In the Arctic regions P. lapponica (and certainly also 

 P. capitata) requires a snow-covering during its winter-rest. 



2. Without Runners: P. sudetica^ euphrasioides, Scep- 

 trum carolinum, hirsuta, lanata^ flammea and Oederi. 



All these species have a short vertical rhizome ("meso- 

 corme", E. Warming^); with reference to the duration of 

 the main root, they may be divided into two groups, as 

 stated by E. Warming (1890, p. 206 et seq.), viz., those in 

 which it is of long duration, a fact connected with its vigour, 

 and often rather copious branching {P. euphrasioides., hir- 

 suta and lanata), and those in which it is of short duration 

 (P. flammea and Oederi., to which may be added P. sudetica 

 and Sceptrum carolinum). 



^ E. Warming, 1918: Om Jordudlöbere (Underground Runners). 

 With a résumé in English. Kgl. Danske Vid. Selsk. Skrifter. 8. Række. 

 II. No. 6. 



