will SVA'O/'S/.S. 



216. Food plants of larva, 210. Rhopalocera, 212. Scudder's 

 classification of butterflies, 212. Hesperidce, 212. Resem- 

 blances of skippers to moths, 212. Habits of larvae, 213. Pop- 

 ular names, 214. Papilionidce, 214. General characteristics, 

 2r4, Remarkable migrations of the cabbage butterfly, 215. 

 Social Lepidoptera, 216. Effects of temperature upon struct- 

 ure illustrated by Papilio ajax, 216-218. Lyca,'nida\ 218. Re- 

 duction of forward legs in male, 218. Manner of attaching 

 chrysalis, 219. Slug-like appearance of Thecla, 219. Nymph- 

 alida,% 219. Vanessa Antiopa, 219. Mimicry, 219. Basi- 

 lar chia Disippus imitating Dana is Archippns, 219, The Sus- 

 pensi and Succincti, 220. Importance of making collections 

 to illustrate all the stages of development, 221. General re- 

 marks on the classification of the Lepidoptera, 221 ; complete 

 possession of the earlier stage by secondary larval form, conse- 

 quent absence of Thysanuriform larva, 221. Close proximity of 

 Lepidoptera to Trichoptera and Mecoptera, 221. Scudder's ob- 

 servations on crescent-shaped bands of chrysalids, probability 

 that archaic butterflies had direct metamorphosis, 221, 222, 



ORDER XV. — HYMENOPTERA. 



Worker-bee a typical form, 223. Directions for collecting 

 bees, 223. Large size of head, prothorax unconsolidated and 

 capable of motion like that of the Lepidoptera, 223. Meso- 

 thorax and metathorax consolidated, 223. Specialized ring or 

 first abdominal segment fastened to thorax, 223. Pedunculated 

 abdomen correlated with use of sting, probable explanation for 

 the wasp-like waists of Hymenopterous insects, 224. Senses of 

 bees, Lubbock's observations, 224. Relations of insects to 

 flowers, 224. Observations of Henslow, MUller, and Darwin, 

 225. Henslow's views especially recommended to teachers, 225. 

 Caution against the free use of explanations Avhich the doctrine 

 of natural selection seems to furnish, 225; this doctrine inade- 

 quate to account for the origin of structures and their modifica- 

 tions, 225; views of Packard, Riley, Cope, Ryder, and Hyatt, 

 225. Specialization by addition finely illustrated by structure of 

 mouth parts, 226. Adaptations of the legs for collecting and 



