SYXOPSIS. xiu 



Aspidiotus co7ic/iiformis, 138; activity of larva, remarkable 

 changes in structure, 139. Indirect metamorphosis of male 

 scale-insect, 140. Wings and halteres of male, characters in 

 common with Diptera, 140. Parallel or homoplastic forms, 141. 

 Dactylopius or mealy bugs, 141. Cochineal bug and dyes, 141. 

 Lac insect and shellac, 141. General remarks on Hemiptera, 

 142; greater diversity of habitat, and consequently of structure, 

 observable in this order than in Orthoptera, 142. Development 

 of Heteroptera more direct than that of Homoptera, 142. 

 Larvae in both groups differ from Thysanuroid type on account 

 of early development of sucking-tube, 142. Sucking mouth 

 parts derived from biting mouth parts, 142. Loss of biting 

 mouth parts in Hemiptera probably due to excessive accelera- 

 tion in development, 143. Larvae and adults of Homoptera 

 farther removed from generalized Thysanuran type than those 

 of Heteroptera, 143. Resemblance of larvae of Cicada to those 

 of Coleoptera with similar burrowing habits, 144. Thysanuroid 

 larval stage replaced by adaptive, grub-like stages, 144. 



OKDEK X.— COI.EOPTERA. 



Favorable subject for observation-work, abundance of mate- 

 rial, 145. Lachnosterna fiisca a typical form, 145. Directions 

 for collecting May-beetles and other Coleoptera, 145. Wedge- 

 shaped form of May-beetle adapted for burrowing, 146. Large 

 size of prothorax, small size of mesothorax, 146, Complex char- 

 acter of metathorax, 146. Broad junction of thorax and abdo- 

 men, flexibility of the abdomen an aid in respiratory movements, 

 146. Structure of antennae, significance of term " Lamellicorn," 

 147; remarkable form of these organs among beetles, 147. 

 Biting mouth parts, 147. Legs adapted for running, 147; 

 manner of using legs, 147. Peculiar structure of wing-covers, 

 significance of term " Coleoptera," 147. Flight of beetles, 148. 

 Metamorphosis, 148. Lintner on the WJiite G^-tib of the 

 May-Beetle, 148. Immature condition of larva when hatched, 

 148; habit of lying upon its side, 148. Length of life of larva, 

 149. Injury done to plants, 149. Pupa state passed in a rude 

 cocoon, 149; changes in structure, 149, Time of appearance 



