HEMIPTERA. 133 



sucking-tube with its piercers is a strong organ. We 

 have already shown (see p. ii8) how helpful these 

 mouth parts may be in the lesson on the squash-bug. 



Both pairs of wings are membranous throughout, 

 differing from the fore-wings of the squash-bug in this 

 respect. When at rest they slope roof-like at the 

 sides of the body. 



The development of the insect is direct. The life- 

 history of the different species, that take respectively 

 seventeen and thirteen years to pass through their lar- 

 val stages, is familiar.^ There are other species in 

 New England which pass through their metamorphosis 

 in one or two years. Fig. 79 is, probably, the larva of 

 Cicada tibicen, a species 

 which is found quite abun- 

 dantly in the pupa and imago 

 state in Massachusetts. The 

 larva is grub-like : the rings 

 {b\ b^') are large like those 

 of the adult ; and the meta- 

 thorax (^"') is more distinctly 

 seen. The peculiar thoracic 

 markings of the adult are not 

 yet developed. The fore-legs 

 (/') are strong, claw-like implements, by means of 

 which the larwa digs its way out of the earth. If the 

 young seventeen-year Cicada is examined just after 

 hatching from the egg, these organs are seen to be 

 already formed, and their tips colored. In this case 



^ See American Entomologist ; also Riley, The Periodical 

 Cicada, Btdletin, No. 8, Dept. Ag. 1885; Riley, Report of the 

 Entomologist, Dept. Ag. 1885. 



