134 



HEMIPTERA, 



the color must have been inherited, though it was 

 doubtless first produced in the ancestors by hard 

 work. 



Fig. 80 is the imago emerging from the pupa skin. 

 This transformation can be easily 

 1 \ watched by the young, and speci- 



mens illustrating different stages 

 in the process can be collected 

 by them in the summer time, 

 preserved in alcohol or dried, and 

 brought to the school in the au- 

 tumn for use in the Natural His- 

 tory lessons. The prevailing 

 color of the wings and legs of 

 the emerging Cicada is at first 

 green, though the hooks and 

 spines of the legs are brown. 

 White tracheal threads, similar in 

 appearance to those of the pupal dragon-fly, extend 

 from the inner side of the pupa case. The wings 

 are soft and pliable. They are extended slowly to 

 their full length, and in the specimens observed were 

 not moved upward and downward. Some time is 

 required for the cuticle of the insect to acquire its 

 normal color and rigidity. One that left its pupa 

 case at 1.40 p.m. had not taken on completely the 

 dull hues of the adult at seven o'clock in the evening. 

 The pupa sometimes clings to the lower side of a 

 twig, and goes through its transformations with the 

 back downward like some of the dragon-flies. 



Fig. 80. 



