25 



After flowering the pedicel rises straight into the air and 

 the sepals close round the valves of the fruit (Fig. 13; Fig. 14 G). 



Fig. 15. Cassiope hypnoides. (From West Greenland.) 



A, Flower in longitudinal section. B, Flower seen from above. C, Pistil -n-ith the ^^lightly 

 lobed nectary. D, K, F, Stamens. (E. W., 1885.) 



Cassiope tetragona (L.) Don. 



Warming, 1885, p. 175. figs. 5, 6; p. 203; 1886 b, p. 118; 1886- 

 87, p. 108, fig. 2. Ekstam, 1898, p. 9. Abromeit, 1899, p. 48. 

 Andersson & Hesselman, 1900, p. 43. Haglund, 1905, p. 24. Sylvén, 

 1906, I, p. 130, tab. IX. 



Material preserved in spirit from Greenland, Spitzbergen 

 and Finmark; observations from Greenland and Finmark. 



A dwarf shrub of the Calluna-type. The older stems, which 

 attain, although rarely, to a length of from V2 to -^'4 metre, 

 are prostrate and form extremely slender and abundantly branch- 

 ing roots; they are often overgrown by mosses, lichens and 

 other plants as also covered by soil. The plant has a strong 

 primary root which keeps alive during the whole of its life, 

 while the adventitious roots are not of much importance. 

 The present species is chiefly or almost exclusively propagated 

 by seed. The primary shoot has been described by Sylvén. 

 The cotyledons are oval. The primordial leaves and the second 

 year's leaves are flat. After that the leaves gradually attain the 

 well-known form which is shewn in my figures 16 and 17 and 

 in Henning E. Petersen's figure. 



