176 



Trimerous pistils often occur, especially in the terminal 

 flowers (Fig. 1 Jtf ; Fig.2Ä,B}. The latter are often developed 

 much earlier than are the other flowers. 



Pistillate flowers. A peculiar form has been gathered by 

 Nathorst in Spitzbergen ; its flowers are very small and have 

 erect sepals, and small erect petals, which are about the length 

 of the sepals (Fig. 2). The stamens are very small, smaller 

 than the petals, and appear to be sterile (Fig. 2 D). As the 

 pistils seem to be normal and have functional stigmas (Fig. 2 E), 

 the flowers must be regarded as pistillate. One had a trime- 

 rous pistil (Fig. 2 Ä, B]. 



Insect-pollination appears to be the rule. Lindman ob- 

 served the following insects visit the flowers in Norway (Dovre) : 

 flies, Scæva sp., Bombus alpinus, B. nivalis, Vespa saxonica, 

 Teuthredo olivacea, and Atiaspis. Ekstam in Sweden (Jemtland) 

 noted the visits of flies and ants; and in Nova Zembla, of 

 several small flies. 



The fruit ripens in West Greenland, South Greenland, 

 East Greenland (Franz Joseph's Fjord), and in Norway (Dovre), 

 but it is not known whether it ripens in Spitzbergen and in 

 Nova Zembla. 



Saxifraga Aizoon L. 



Warming, 1886, p. 27. Abromeit, p. 37. Lindmark, p. 53, 

 pi. II, fig. 22; pi. Ill, figs. 5-7. 



Material in alcohol from West Greenland. 



The лvell-knoAvn rosette-shoots with short internodes in 

 Greenland seem usually somewhat spherical, like a bulb (Fig. 3). 

 The foliage-leaves remain fresh, either green or reddish, during 

 winter. After dying, they persist for a long time upon the stem 

 in a black and decaying condition (Fig. 3). Their marginal glands, 

 which secrete carbonate of lime, are well-known (Fig. 4). The 

 shoots obtain nourishment from adventitious roots and may live 

 several years before they flower. After flowering, all the leaves 



