178 



many small purple dots. Around the base of the styles there 

 is a yellow, glistening disk which secretes honey abundantly. 



Marked protandry. The terminal flower is the first to 

 expand, and is often far in advance of the others, all of which 

 are at about the same stage of development. First the anti- 

 sepalous stamens bend over the middle of the flower, then 

 they bend back and make room for the antipetalous stamens 

 (Fig. 5 Ä). Rarely more than I or 2 stamens are seen functional 

 at the same time over the middle of the flower (Fig. 5 A). 



The styles are at first very small and turned decidedly in- 

 wards, with the plane-surfaces of the stigmas facing each other 

 (Fig. 5 B, C); when at the height of their development, they 

 are out-spread, and the stigmas are set with short, almost 

 club-shaped hairs (Fig. 5 D,E). 



Self-pollination may now take place, by the stigmas 

 reaching over towards, and touching, the anthers, in which 

 there may still be some pollen left (Fig. 5 D). In this feature, 

 the arctic flowers appear to differ from those from the Alps, 

 self-pollination, as regards the latter, being according to H. 

 Müller, impossible or almost so. 



Fruit ripens in West Greenland (Godhavn, and other places). 



Saxifraga cernua L. 



J, Lange, Conspectus, pp. 61, 256. Th. Holm, pp. 46, 50. 

 Warming, 1886, p. 3, figs. 18—20. Lindman p. 61, pi. Ill, fig. 28. 

 L. KoLDERDP Rosenvinge, p. 678. N. Hartz, 1894, p. 36; 1895, 

 p. 288. Ekstam, 1897, p. 133; 1898, p. 15. Abromeit, p. 34. 

 G. Andersson och Hesselman, p. 28, figs. 13, 14. A. Cleve, p. 49. 

 Düsen, p. 32. Lindmark, p. 74, pi. V, figs. 7 — 17. Simmons, p. 75. 

 Sylven, p. 233. Kndth, p. 452. 



The plant has a short, vertical rhizome which bears both 

 scale-leaves and long-stalked foliage-leaves (Fig. 6 A, E). The 

 primary root most probably dies early (Th. Holm). Many bul- 

 bils may be seen to occur in the axils of the leaves on the 

 rhizome, both of the scale-leaves and the foliage-leaves, and 



