356 



41. Lindman, 1887, pp. 25, 29, 40, 42. Leist, 1889, p. 16. 

 Schlicht, 1889, pp. 14—17, figs. 9, 10. Lubbock, 1892, p. 87, 

 fig. 126. Rosenvinge, (I), 1892, pp. 676— 77. Hartz, 1894, p. 18 

 Nestler, 1895, figs. 9, 18. Norman, 1895, pp. 20 — 23. Rosen- 

 viNGE, (III), 1896, pp. 109, 127, 144, 161, 168. Ekstam, 1897, 

 p. 147. Kerner, 1898, pp. 109, 194, 311, 699. Goffart, 1900, 

 p. 107, figs. 340—47. Gleve, 1901, p. 51. Freidenfelt, 1904, 

 p. 62. Sylvén, 1906, pp. 275—76. 



Alcohol material from Greenland (Julianehaab, 19.6.1883 

 and Igdlorsuatsiak), Iceland (Helgavatn 7.8.1889), the Færoes, 

 Denmark (several places). 



The rhizome is short and vertical; it bears a rosette 

 of long-stalked foliage-leaves with large sheaths; scales are 

 absent. In Denmark the rosette-leaves pass the winter in a 

 green condition (see also Sylvén), and their large sheaths dense- 

 ly surround the apices of the shoots. The principal bud is 

 situated in the uppermost leaf-axil at the base of the stem ; 

 the first leaves (according to Wtdler it may be the first six 

 leaves) are often arranged in two rows: the others follow in 

 a ^/5 spiral. In Denmark it is more usual for the principal 

 bud to flower the same year as the main axis, than it is in 

 Greenland, Iceland and the Færoes. Other rosette-leaves may 

 also subtend shoots. From the bases of the shoots strong ad- 

 ventitious roots arise, and individual shoots are fairly quickly 

 isolated, and become independent. 



The leaves of the rosette, and often the lowermost leaf 

 upon the elongated stem, are stalked and palmately cleft into 

 deeply-serrate or lobed segments; forma multifidus D. C., how- 

 ever, which is almost as common in Greenland as is the 

 principal form, has the five leaf-lobes deeply tripartite with 

 linear lobes. The upper stem-leaves are sessile. 



In the leaf-axils of the elongated stems of well-developed 

 individuals, floral branch-systems occur branching in a sympodial 

 manner in the bracteoles, the lower branches being the most 



