463 



Whether a specimen belongs to the arctic or the temperate type, 

 is not difficult to determine, provided the said specimen is 

 collected in July or August, a lime when the brown starch-filled 

 scale-leaves of the winter-bud are fully developed. In the first 

 case the leaves of the rosette surround the flower-stalk and 



Fig. 2. ringuictda vulgaris, arctic type. 



A, Specimen from Kingua Kuanersok in Greenland, July 13; foliage-leaf 

 No. 3 has been removed. (F. H.) B, Winterbud and fruit-stalk, Hammer- 

 fest, July 1. (E. W.) C. Winter-bud and half-developed spring-rosette, 

 Kobbefjord, June 29. (E. W.); between the winter-bud and fruit-stalk 

 foliage-leaves of the autumn-rosette are not developed. (Slightly magnified.) 



the winter-bud, and the latter two stand close together without 

 intervening rosette-leaves; this rosette therefore is a spring- 

 rosette. But in the second case the leaves of the autumn- 

 rosette are developed between the (lower-stalk and the winter- 

 bud, and then the latter is often forced away from its erect 

 position. Besides, it is very easy to decide whether the rejuve- 

 nating shoot in the uppermost leal-axil will develop into an 

 autumn-rosette, or directly pass into its rest as hibernacle. In 



