136 PRESIDENTS ADDRESS—SECTION F. 
(2.) Division of labour—each division carefully apportioned 
in relation to the probable amount of different satis- 
factions required ; and each labourer in every division 
carefully trained in that branch of work to which he 
has been apportioned. 
(3. The creation and maintenance of instruments which best 
supplement man’s efforts in modifying and distributing 
the products derived from natural sources, and so 
enabling each unit to enjoy the maximum of desirable 
satisfaction with that minimum of exertion which is 
most conducive to the health and happiness of the 
individual. 
Now, if it were possible to find such a combination of favour- 
able conditions, wherein all the wants of man could be completely 
met, it follows that interchange with other countries, so far as 
material needs are concerned, would not only be unnecessary but 
disadvantageous. 
It is true, on moral grounds, a nation enjoying the maximum 
of satisfactions with a minimum of exertion or maximum of ease 
might either reduce the amount of satisfactions or increase its 
exertions for purposes of benevolence as directed towards a 
country less favourably situated; but there would be no such 
necessity on commercial grounds as laid down by the earlier’ 
economists, except upon the plea that we should buy in the 
cheapest market. But this last plea, the favourite maxim of Free 
Trade theorists, ignores many consequences of the most vital 
importance. 
First, the ideal state contemplated had already discovered and 
achieved that final state of content or evd to which a people can 
aspire to—that is, a maximum of desirable satisfactions combined 
with a minimum of reasonable exertion. This being so, why 
should they attempt to procure this end by another method untried 
by them, seeing that they could not improve their condition in 
this way, but might make it worse. But as this plea must be 
discussed, let us see under such circumstances what it might 
lead to. 
Buy IN THE CHEAPEST MARKET. 
In our ideally perfect state, let us for convenient reference call 
it ‘ Euphrasia,” one of the fundamental conditions regulating 
its well-being 1s, that all for each is considered of as great if not 
greater importance as each for all. 
The favourable natural conditions were experienced to be such 
that the round of wants of all might be satisfactorily supplied 
without demanding from any one group of its divisions of labour 
more than forty-four hours of public Jabour per week. But it was 
also carefully determined that although a certain aggregate of 
