452 PROCEEDINGS OF SECTION ©. 
There is no difficulty in accounting for all this sand when the 
geology of the country is understood. Much of it, especially 
towards the south, has evidently been produced by the degrada- 
tion of the Ostrea limestone, for oyster-shells are often seen, not 
only in occasional outcrops of the rock, but also ainongst the sand 
itself. Where the oyster beds are wanting, the calciferous rock 
is frequently near the surface, and its weathering gives rise also. 
to loose beds of the same material. Towards the north of Follett, 
coarse granitic rocks are rapidly crumbling away, while in South 
Lowan a large area is covered by the degraded remains of a 
paleozoic sandstone. The sand derived from these is not, of 
course, precisely like that from the limestone, but to the casual 
observer there is very little difference, and it is at least note- 
worthy that such continuous and apparently similar deposits 
should have been formed, in contiguous localities, by the decay of 
wholly distinct rocks. 
11.—THE GLACIAL CONGLOMERATES OF VICTORIA. 
By E. J. Duny, F.G.S. 
The Glacial Conglomerates are among the most interesting of the 
rocks of Victoria. That certain conglomerates found at Bacchus 
Marsh, Wild Duck Creek, and elsewhere, owed their origin to 
glacial causes was surmised by Sir R. Daintree so long ago as 1866. 
Dr. A. R. C. Selwyn confirmed this view, and later observers 
coincided. Absolute proof, however, of glaciated stones and 
boulders was not obtained until quite recently. Now that 
indubitable evidences of glaciation have been secured, a wide and 
fascinating field of research has been opened up. 
In the northern hemisphere glaciation in all its varying develop- 
ments has been closely studied by the most eminent geologists, 
but in the southern this phase of geology has received but scant 
attention. In Victoria these conglomerates are so intimately 
connected with the coal measures that their investigation becomes 
indispensable to the correct understanding of the coal measures in 
their relation to the underlying rocks. 
Distribution. 
The conglomerate is spread over a wide area, and on both sides 
of the Dividing Range. On the north side it has been observed 
by the writer at Wahgunyah, Rutherglen, The Springs, El 
Dorado, Wooragee, Tarrawingee, Badaginnie, to the north-east of 
Costerfield, and at Wild Duck Creek, west of Heathcote. It is 
found underlying the auriferous beds at Carisbrook and at the 
Midas Company’s mine, near Creswick. South of the Dividing 
