630 PROCEEDINGS OF SECTION G. 
Williams, ze, about A.D. 1223, or.possibly a.p. 1198. This 
conclusion was arrived at many years before I found that M. 
Quatrefages, in his admirable book, entitled “The Human 
Species” (page 194), places it in a.p. 1207. For the story of 
Tangiia’s voyage to Rarotonga I must refer the student to my 
‘“Myths and Songs” (pp. 23-4), and Williams’ “ Enterprises ” 
(pp. 195-6). In their inter-tribal wars the numerous descendants 
of Tangiia defeated the less numerous descendants of Karika in 
many a conflict ; but the regal supremacy was allowed to remain 
with the Makea Karika family. 
In passing, I may mention the (tothe Kuropean mind) singular 
circumstance that in 1823 Makea Tinirau and Makea Tekao were 
both alive, but had voluntarily devolved the regal authority and 
title upon their sons, Makea Pori and Makea Karika II. This, 
however, is no uncommon occurrence amongst chiefs, greater and 
lesser, of the Polynesian race. 
But Karika found on the island a few brown people, ruled by 
Ata, representing a single canoe-load from Iva. Allowing to 
these prior JZaori settlers on Rarotonga a residence of 50 or 75 
years (a period far too long, judging from what I have myself 
seen of stray canoes in the South Pacitic), we may safely conclude 
that Rarotonga has been inhabited somewhat less than 700 years 
prior to its discovery by Williams in 1828. 
In my “Life in the Southern Isles” (pp. 23-5) and ‘“ Historical 
Sketches of Savage Life in, Polynesia” (pp. 227-9), I have given 
historical data for my belief that the rest of the islands of the 
Hervey Group have been inhabited only about six centuries. I 
would especially commend to the student the wnguestionadbly 
correct list of the three great orders of priests and the “rulers of 
food ” on the island of Mangaia, given in ‘ Historical Sketches of 
Savage Life” (pp. 227-8). Only twelve generations of the “ rulers 
of food” have obtained on Mangaia, and fewer still of the priests 
proper. 
All the traditions of Eastern Polynesia point to a western 
origin—Avaiki (=Savaii), Tonga, Rotumah, Upolu, Tutuila, and 
Manu’a. Amid wonderful diversity of detail there is a unity of 
tradition in regard to the western origin of their race. 
After giving the genealogy of the kings of Rarotonga, I will 
add the succession of the kings of Mangaia, to enable the reader 
to judge for himself. I think it is evident from these lists that 
Rarotonga was the first island of the Hervey Group that was 
colonised. The island of Rarotonga, which towers 3000 feet 
above the level of the ocean, is, of course, visible at a great 
distance, and yet, strangely enough, escaped the eye of the 
renowned Cook. 
In passing, I may observe that the knowledge of the calendar 
belonged exclusively to the kings proper of each island of the 
Hervey Group, as they alone fixed the date of the various feasts 
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