316 Part III. — Tiventietlt Anmial Report 



Its bathymetrical range extends from low-water mark to 56 fathoms 

 Echinus miliaris has been found in the stomach of Cat-fish. 



Echinus esculentus, Linn. 



1892. Ecldnus esculentus, Scott, Ann. 8oc. Nat. Hist., i., p. 49. 

 „ „ „ Bell, Brit. Mus. Cat., pp. 152, 153. 



Echinus esculentus is the most common species in the Moray Firth, and 

 perhaps also in the British seas. I have taken it in more or less 

 abundance at all the special stations, in fact on almost every occasion 

 that the trawl or dredge was worked. 



In the Cromarty Firth a marked variety is common, with test much 

 compressed; spines thick and short, often abnormal; with the inter- 

 ambulacral areas much sunken or compressed inwards, and the ambulacral 

 areas prominent and projecting. 



This variety, so far as I am aware, is peculiar to the Cromarty Firth, 

 and recorded here for the first time. 



The bathymetrical range of Echinus esculentus extends in the British 

 seas from the low-water line to 1 40 fathoms. 



This species has often been found in the stomachs of Cat-fish. 



StrongylocentTotus droehachiensis, 0. F. Miill. 



1885. Strong ylocentrotus droehachiensis, Pearcey, Proc. Roy. 



Phys. Soc, Edinb., vol. viii., p. 404. 

 1892. Strongylocentrotus droehachiensis, Bell, Brit. Mus. Cat., 



pp. 156, 157. 

 1892. Strongylocentrotus droehachiensis, Scott and Pearcey, F.B, 



Scot. Repts., 1890 to 1897. 



Strongylocentrotus droehachiensis has been taken sparingly at seven of 

 the special stations in the Moray Firth, all small specimens. 



In the Cromarty Firth, however, it is abundant, large, and the 

 tests in most cases are much compressed. I have taken in this locality as 

 many as 193 specimens in one haul of the trawl, in 6^ to 14 fathoms. 



Its batliymetrical range extends in the British seas from 4 to 640 

 fathoms. 



CLYPEASTRID^. 



ECHINOCYAMUS. 



Echinocyainus pusillus, O. F. Miill. 



1885. Echinocyamus pusilhis, Pearcey, Proc. Roy. Phys. Soc, 



Edinb., vol. viii., p. 404. 

 1892. Echinocyamus pusillus, Bell, Brit. Mus. Cat., pp. 160, 161. 

 1897. Echinocyamus pusillus, Pearcey, F.B. for Scot. Rept., 



pt. 16, p. 54. 



Echinocyamus pusillus is not an uncommon form in the Moray Firth) 

 where I have taken it at nine of the special stations, in from 8 to 42 

 fathoms, and at one station in the Cromarty Firth, 5^ to 9f fathoms, 

 where it appears to be very rare. 



The bathymetrical range of E. pusillus, in the British seas, extends 

 from 5 to 145 fathoms. This is a widely distributed species. It was 

 taken by the Challenger Expedition in great abundance off the coast of 

 Brazil, in 350 fathoms, in a deposit of red mud. 



