ICONES FILICUM SINICARUM 
PLATE 166 
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CONIOGRAMME FRAXINEA (Don) Diels 
POLY PODIACEE 
CONIOGRAMME FRAXINEA (Don) Diels in Engl. u. Prantl: Nat. Pflanzenfam. 1: 4. 262 (1899); 
C. Chr. Ind. Fil. 185 (1905), pro parte; Suppl. II, 9 (1913-17); Contr. U. S. Nat. 
Herb. 26: 307 (1931); Hieron. Hedwigia 57: 286 (1916). 
Diplazium fraxineum Don. Prod. F1. Nepal. 12 (1825). 
Gymnogramme fraxinea Bedd. Ferns Brit. Ind. Suppl. 24 (1876), excl. Ferns Brit. Ind. t. 232, 
E and Ferns S. Ind. t. 57. 
Syngramme fraxinea Bedd. Handb. Ferns Brit. Ind. 386 (1883), pro parte. 
Neurogramme fraxinea Christ, Farnkr. d. Erde 63 (1897), pro parte. 
Gymnogramme javanica Bl. Enum. Pl. Jav. 112 (1828); Fl. Jav. 95 t. 41 (1828). 
Contogramme javanica Fée, Gen. Fil. 167 t. 14 B, f. 1 (1850-52). 
Rhizome creeping, thick as a finger, densely scaly; scales linear-subulate, atro- 
brown, thick, entire; frond ample, 2-3 cm apart, stipe up to 1 meter long, 1 cm thick and 
scaly near base, prominently bisulcate on the upper side and terete beneath, straminous 
or dark straminous; lamina over I meter long, 50 cm broad, ovate or oblong-ovate, simple 
impari-pinnate, pinnae 6-10-jugate, opposite or subalternate, 10- 15 cm apart, oblique, 
lower ones long-petiolate (petiole 1.5 cm long), uppermost ones nearly sessile, basal ones 
generally simple, or very rarely bifid, to 30 cm long (sometimes longer), 6-8 cm broad, 
oblong-lanceolate, base cuneate (unequally so in lower ones), long-caudate at apex, margin 
entire to the very tip, generally repand, thin, and not cartilaginous; texture chartaceous, 
glabrous and green on both sides; veins distinct beneath, mostly forked above base, vein- 
lets parallel, ended in large clavate straight hydathodes some distance from the thin leaf- 
margin; sor? linear, forked, extending from costa to near the margin. 
Yunnan: Tengyueh, G. Forrest 9496, 26688; between Muang Hun and Muang Hai, 
J. F. Rock 2401; withcut locality, H. T. Tsat 56934. 
Also Sikkim-Himalayas, S. India, Java, Philippines and Formosa. 
‘ One of the largest species of the genus, characterized by generally simple pinnate 
leaves and large subopposite pinne with very entire, thin margin and long-caudate apex. 
From the available herbarium material, this distinct fern seems by no means abundant in 
the localities noted and has hitherto generally been utterly misunderstood by authors in 
the past. Coniogramme fraxinea of authors on Indian and Chinese ferns generally re- 
presents a mixture of a number of species, while its previous report from different parts 
of China has mostly been a mistake for C. intermedia Hieron. (cf. pl. 143 of this Icones), 
the specimens cited above from Yunnan constituting the first and only authentic record 
of the species from China. The other and the only species, which is similar to our fern in 
size, general habit and entire leaf-margin, is C. macrophylla (Bl.) Hieron. var. Copelandii 
(Christ) Hieron. (l.c. 292) of the Philippine Islands and recently collected in the Island 
Hainan (F. A. McClure 2147), which differs, however, in its veins ended in similarly pro- 
minent but somewhat arcuate hydathodes connected with the broadly cartilaginous mar- 
gin by sclerenchymatous cells. 
Plate 166. Fig. 1. Habit sketch (natural size). 2. Portion of pinna, showing veins with pro- 
minent clavate hydathodes and entire thin leaf-margin (x 4). 3. Scale from rhizome (x 16). 
