CONIFER-a:. 



SILVA OF NORTH AMERICA 



129 



ABIES VENUSTA. 



Silver Fir. 



Bracts of the cone-scales oblong-obovate, obcordate, furnished with elongated 

 rigid flat tips many times longer than the pointed scales. Leaves acuminate, dark 

 yellow-green and lustrous above, silvery white below. Winter-buds large, with thin 

 loosely imbricated scales- 



Abies venusta, K. Koch, Dendr. ii. pt. ii. 210 (1873). 

 Lauche, Deutsche Dendr, ed. 2, 82, f. 16. — Sargent, 

 Garden and Forest, ii. 496. — Lemmon, Rep. California 

 State Board Forestry, iii. 151 (C oner-Bearers of Califor- 

 nia^ ; West-American Cone-Bearers, 64 ; Bull. Sierra 

 Cluh, ii. 166 {Conifers of the Faciflc Slope). 



Pinus venusta, Douglas, Companion BoU Mag. ii. 152 

 (1836). 



Pinus bracteata, D. Don, Trans. Linn. Sac. xvii. 442 



(1837) ; Lambert Finns, iii. t. 



30. — Hooker & Arnott, Bot. Voy. Beechey, 394. 



Antoine, Conif. 11^ t. 



-End- 



licher, Syn. Conif. 89. — Walpers, Ann. v. 798. — Die- 

 trich, Syn. v. 393. — Courtin, Fam. Conif. 56. — Parla- 

 tore, De Candolle Frodr. xvi. pt. ii. 419. — W. R. 

 M'Nab, Froc. B. Irish Acad. ser. 2, ii. 674, t. 46, f. 1. 



Picea bracteata, Loudon, Arh. Brit. iv. 2348, f. 2256 

 (1838). — Gordon, Finetum, 145. — Jjawson, Finetum 

 Brit. ii. 171, t. 25, 26, f. 1-7. — (Nelson) SenUis, Fina- 

 cece, 37. — Coleman, The Garden, xxxv. 12, f . 



Taxodium sempervirens ? Hooker, Icon. iv. t. 379 (not 

 Lambert) (1841). 



Abies bracteata, Nuttall, S^jlva, iii. 137, t. 118 (1849). 



Hartweg, Jour. Sort. Soc. Lond. iii. 226. — Llndley & 

 Gordon, Jour. Hort. Soc. Lond. v. 209. — Carribre, 

 Traite Conif. 196. — Hooker, Bot. Mag. Ixxix. t. 4740. — 

 Lemaire, III. Hort. i. t. 5. — Naudin, Rev. Hort. 1%^4., 

 31. — Planchon, Fl. des Serres, ix. 109, t. 899. — A. 

 Murray, Edinburgh New Fhil. Jour. n. ser. x. 1, t. 1, 2 ; 

 Gard. Chron. 1859, 928 ; Trans. Bot. Soc. Edinburgh, 

 vi. 211, t. 1, 2. — Henkel & Hochstetter, Syn. Nadelh. 

 167. — S^neclauze, Conif. 7. — Hoopes, Evergreens, 

 199. — Bertrand, Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xviii. 379 ; Ann. 

 Sci. Nat. s^r. 5, xx. 95. — Engelmann, Trans. St. Louis 

 Acad. iii. 601 ; Gard. Chron. n. ser. xii. 684 ; Brewer & 

 Watson Bot. Cal. ii. 118. — Veitch, Man. Conif 89, 

 f . 14, 15. — Kellogg, Forest Trees of California, 27. — 

 Sargent, Forest Trees N. Am. l()th Census U. S, ix. 

 213. — Masters, Gard. Chron. ser. 3 ; vii. 672, f. 112 ; 

 Jour. R. Hort. Soc. xiv. 190. — Mayr, Wald. Nordam, 

 337, t. 9. — Beissner, Handb. Nadelh. 488, f. 138. 

 Hansen, Jour. R. Hort. Soc. xiv. 459 {Finetum Dani- 

 cum). — Koehne, Deutsche Dendr. 17. — Eastwood, Ery- 

 thea, V. 73, 



A tree, from one hundred to one hundred and fifty feet in height, with a trunk sometimes three 

 * feet in diameter, and comparatively short slender usually pendulous scattered branches furnished with 

 long sinuous rather remote lateral hranchlets sparsely clothed with foliage, and forming a broad-based 

 pyramid which fifteen or twenty feet from the top is abruptly narrowed into a thin spire-like head, 

 while the lowest branches often sweep the ground/ unless the tree has been excessively crowded by its 

 neighbors. The bark of the trunk, which is smooth and pale above, near the base of the tree is from 

 one half to three quarters of an inch in thickness, light reddish brown, slightly and irregularly 

 fissured and broken into thick closely appressed scales. The winter branch-buds are ovate, acute, from 

 three quarters of an inch to an inch in length and from one quarter to one third of an inch in 

 thickness, with very thin loosely imbricated pale chestnut-brown ovate acute boat-shaped scales 

 increasing in size from below upward, the outer accrescent, persistent at the base of the young branch, 

 and the inner united into a cup and deciduous in one piece. The hranchlets are stout, glabrous, light 

 reddish brown for three or four years, and covered during their first season with a glaucous bloom. 

 The leaves are thin, flat, rigid, linear or Hn ear-lanceolate, gradually or abruptly narrowed toward the 

 base, which is enlarged into an oval disk, often falcate, especially on fertile branches, acuminate, with 

 long slender stiff callous tips, dark yellow-green and lustrous and slightly rounded on the upper surface, 

 which is marked below the middle with an obscure groove, and silvery white or on old leaves pale on 



