219 



elevation is from ten to fifty rods back from the lake. The other parts 

 of the ground lie below a ten-foot line. The south shore is uniformly low 

 and swampy. On the west, an abrupt i*aise is found at Yarnelle's Land- 

 ing. To the north of the landing, the shore is low, and the elevation grad- 

 ual. Natural woodland is found at Yarnelle's. at the outlets of both Clear 

 €reek and Cherry Creek and on tlie Assembly grounds. 



The shores are about equally divided between sand and turf forma- 

 tion. A peninsula extending into the lake from the Winona grounds is of 

 turf. On the south a great part of the shore, as well as the shore of the 

 bay on the west of the main lalie, is of such .a formation. Other parts are 

 sandy. In a general way, that part of the land which has lately been re- 

 claimed from the lake has a coast line formed of decayed plant life — turf. 



By reference to the map of Eagle Lake (now Winona Lake) prepared 

 by the U. S. Survey in 1834, it will be seen that the lake was considerably 

 larger at that time than now. The difference in the lake has been brought 

 about, first by dredging the outlet channel and lowering thie level of the 

 lake; second, by the encroachment of plant life upon the lake propei", and 

 the luxuriant plant life on the land partially dried by lowering the lake 

 level. As noted farther on, the plant life of the lake is abundant. The 

 dense banks of Scirpus, Nuphar, etc., tend to collect material that may 

 float into them, and they also contribute their own growth to the forma- 

 tion of new lake bottom. A third agency which has acted In some parts 

 of the lake— notably the southern part— is that of the ice. With the lower- 

 in of the lake level, stretches of lake bottom were left barely covered by 



