191 



The lake plain is a perfectly flat area composed of muck aiid marl. 

 Ill many places it is covered with copses of low willows, Cor mis, Cepha- 

 Uinthns Splrca and Carolina rose, and this is perhaps its original form. In 

 other places it is a sedgy meadow. Peculiarities ai'e (1) the distribution 

 of plant species in horizontal strata, as. bushes above, then sedges, then 

 ferns, and lower, mosses and Selaginella. (2) The flora is so crowded that 

 when a predominant species is in flower it frequently gives its tint to the 

 whole landscape, so we have a succession of "color waves" during the 

 year, as the blue of blue vervain, deep purple of Li/thrum alatiim, light 

 purple of swamp milkweed or joe-pye-weed, brown of Osmun<la regalis, 

 or yellow of tickseed sunflower or RudbecMa. 



The tamarack was nearly extinct, but others near by showed probable 

 former flora of Sphagnum, pitcher plants and an interesting assortment of 

 licaths and orchids. 



Temporary woodland ponds are mostly bare of bottom except for dead 

 leaves and some shrubs and water crowfoot. The temporary ponds in the 

 open are overgrown with Scirpus cyperineus aud various species of Eleo- 

 cliaris. These tempoa*ary ponds are interesting as they contain plants show- 

 ing seasonal dimorphism, an aquatic form during wet seasons aud a land 

 form during dry periods of the year. They also contain plants, the lower 

 leaves of which are fitted to submersed life, and the upper to aerial life, as 

 water parsnips and watei- crowfoot. 



Permanent ponds, quaking bogs and bayous are similar to the lake, 

 except that they contain a gi-eater number and variety of duckweeds. 



The Ice Ridge is interesting in many ways, ])ut does not contain many 

 plants peculiar to itself. 



The Beach contains a mixed flora. Sometimes its flora is of such plants 

 as Scirpus Americaniis or various Eleochari, sometimes it is seedlings of 

 elms, maples, etc., which have been deposited by waves. 



The lals;e has several zones of plants. Near the shore and extending 

 both ways are plants with well marked dimorphism— a well developed 

 land form, and an aquatic form. Among such plants are. spatterdock, 

 white water lily. UP)-icuIaria intermedia, water plantain. Heteranthcra 

 duMa. and many others. Scirpus laciistris has two well marked forms 

 which frequently grow side by side and form a distinct contrast. At other 

 places what appear to be intermediate forms are found. Many of the Pota- 

 mogetons have emersed leaves dissimilar in form and structure from the 

 submersed ones. Among the various zones of plants are: 



