181 



DISPERSAL BY STORMS. 



Followiiiu' heavy storms, of wide extent, at sea, it soiiietiines happens 

 that birds are blown or driven far inhuid. This, in part, accounts for the 

 iiiiiisnal occnrrenoe. at times, of numbers of eert.-iin birds. One of the 

 most notable instances of this was tlie wide dispersal of Briinnioh's 

 Miirres (I'ria iomviai by a nortli-Atlantic storm, in December. 1890. 

 They were driven as far snnth as South Carolina and over the eastern 

 United States, at least to Indiana and Michi.mm. A number of specimens 

 were taken in Indiana (Butler. The Auk, XIX. IS'.iT. April. l!t7--J;Mii. 



CHANGES IX COXDITIOXS. 



The bii-ds aixtut us are not those that were familiar to our f;itliers. 

 Many kinds that were common to them have disappeared. Others that 

 they did not know have eonie to take their places. In the early days 

 of our history, dense forests stretched unbroken, save by water cotu'ses, 

 from the Ohio Kiver northward almost to Lake Michigan. Throtigh 

 these, threaded the runways of wild animals and the trails of wild men. 

 Within the gloom of these eontinnons woodlands dwelt birds peculiar to 

 such surroundings. With the clearing of our laud, there disappeared from 

 that area many forest-inhabiting birds. The range of others became 

 restricted to the remaining timber districts. Meadows and pastures re- 

 placed the forests. Birds loving stich surroundings, prairie forms, there 

 made their homes. 



The beautiful little Carolina Paroquet (Conurus earolineusisi, which 

 once ranged in countless numliers throughout the eastern L'nited States.- 

 as far north as the Great Lakes, has not onl.v disappeared from our 

 limits, but also from almost every part of its range. From but a few 

 almost inaccessible localities in the Southern States has it been recently 

 reported, and it is now on the verge of extinction. It was last reported 

 in Indiana from Knox County in 185!) (Hasbrouck. The Atik. VIII. 

 Oct. 18!n. pp. 3<i!>-3T0: Butler. Ibid. IX. .Ian.. 1892. pp. 49-.5(j). 



The Ivory-billed Woodpecker (Campephilus principalis), the largest 

 representative of its family, was found in the earl.v part of this centur,v 

 in suitable localities in southern Indiana, notably in Franklin and Monroe 

 counties and in the h)wer AVabash Valley. Their shy. retiring ways led 

 them to leave when men appeared bearing the evidences of civilization. 



