Proceedings of tlie Ohio State Acadcinv of Science 245 



mapped since this interval has been worked over in the street 

 development of Newburg, but for a short distance between 8oth 

 street and the Pennsylvania railroad, there is a low ridge of 

 gravel conforming in altitude with this lake level. For over a 

 mile to the northward, I have not mapped any gravel or sand 

 interpreted as representing Lake Whittlesey, but just south of 

 the Fairmount reservoir, and parallel to Baldwin street, there is 

 a low sandy ridge which indicates this shore. 



From this point eastward I was unable to satisfy myself 

 that the rock escarpment gives any evidence of wave work that 

 definitely indicates the Whittlesey level ; there are scattered 

 salients which bear indefinite notches that may possibly indicate 

 cliff-cutting of this shore; some of these benches may also be 

 explained as the result of difl^erential weathering. It seems 

 preferable to state that the rock clifl:' which continues north-east- 

 ward from Garfield's monument for some eight miles is due to 

 denuding agents in operation long prior to the ice invasion, and 

 has since been altered slightly by the wave work of both the 

 jMaumee and Whittlesey levels. 



LAKE WARREN LEVEL. 



Lake Warren marks a vertical subsidence of the Whittle- 

 sey level ; the drop is about 50 feet. The evidence west of 

 Rocky River on the Berea sheet suggests that the subsidence was 

 brought about in a very short time, but eastward from Rocky 

 river there is an intermediate beach of slight development sug- 

 gesting a gradual subsidence of the Whittlesey to the Warren 

 level. This intermediate stage averages 20 feet above the War- 

 ren beach proper. From the Rocky river, to Ridgew^ood avenue, 

 it is practically parallel to Detroit street, and consists of a low 

 broad ridge of fine sand and gravel as far as Arthur avenue, 

 while eastward the level is marked by a cliff cut in the Cleveland 

 shale. The same ridge a])pears again along West Madison ave- 

 nue, in the vicinity of 8ist street; turning to the northeast, it 

 crosses the Nickel Plate railroad, thence more directly east it 

 crosses West 25th street, a short distance south of Lorain street. 

 On the east side of the Cuvahoga the general direction of this 



