26 Proceedings of the Ohio State Academy of Science. 



cover of herbs. The ground is low and muddy but not dis- 

 tinctly wet. 



Principal species 

 Salix nigra S. alba 



Secondary species 

 Trees : 

 Young Fraxinus americana Ulmus americana 



Juglans nigra 



Shrubs : 

 Rosa Carolina 

 Cornus stolonifera Rubus nigrobaccus 



Herbs, 7-8 feet tall: 

 Angelica atropurpurea 



Herbs, 2-3 feet tall : 



Teucrium canadense Asclepias syriaca 



Carex lurida Juncus tenuis 



C. lupulina Homalocenchrus oryzoides 



C. tribuloides Scirpus atrovirens 



Agrimonia parviflora Lysimachia numularia 



Geum canadense Equisetum arvense 



Apios apios Achillea millefolium 



Roripa palustre Dipsacus sylvestris 



Impatiens biflora Verbena hastata 



Rumex crispus Festuca elatior 



Iris versicolor Phleum pratense 



These herbs lack the correlation of distinct societies but 

 Mentha spicata and M, piperita show well defined social unity 

 and may be regarded as herb societies ranking as subordinate 

 members in the forest zone. 



The original margin of the lake is outlined by a zone of 

 forest trees, 20 to 30 feet wide and which terminates abruptly 



