31 
of three-quarters of an inch in length, while the right angle 
rounds off projectingly the ridge from below. This cornice 
being four inches long is also marked with faint longitudi— 
nally oblique striation. Of its once delicately glassy struc- 
ture nothing is left. 
From a four-foot stratum of sand-stone, densely packed 
with seaweeds, interstratified between two heavy strata of 
red clay, used for brick-making.—Coal Measures, Marietta, 
Ohio. 
ANNOTATED CALALOGUE AND OUTLINE OF A 
MONOGRAPELVOEK THE OFlO JUNC. 
HARRIET G. BURR. 
There is room for some misunderstanding in the term 
“rushes” as we ordinarily use it. The best known of the 
so-called rushes is probably the bulrush—scirpus, of the 
family of the true sedges, Cyperaceae. The species of this 
are the common sedges found growing in wet places. 
Several species of Cyperus and all of those of Scleria in 
the same family, and some of the horsetails and other plants, 
are also called rushes—the name being given, somewhat 
indiscriminately, to many aquatic or marsh-growing en- 
dogenous plants with soft, slender stems. 
But the true rushes are the Juncaceae. They are so 
named from the Latin jungere, to bind, in allusion to their 
use as withes. 
They are worth some consideration for their economic 
value; the pith of some species 1s made into wicks for lamps 
and tallow candles—whence the name “rush-lights.” 
Juncus effusus and Juncus conglomeratus are plaited into 
mats, chair-bottoms and small baskets. 
There are seven genera of the Juncaceae, and about two 
hundred species, widely distributed, but most abundant in 
the North Temperate zone. Of these about two-thirds 
belong to the genus Juncus, and are summer blooming. 
The only other genus represented in the United States is 
