BIG SPRING PRAIRIE. 75 
teum perfoliatum (Horse Gentian); Arisaema triphyllum 
(Indian Turnip); Hydrophyllum virginicum (Virginia 
Waterleaf); Thalictrum dioicum (Early Meadow Rue); 
Urtica (two species) (Nettles); Polygonum virginianum 
(Virginia Knotweed); Apocynum androsaemifolium 
(Spreading Dogbane); Zizia aurea (Early Meadow Par- 
snip); Aquilegia canadensis (Columbine); Onoclea sen- 
sibilis (Sensitive Fern, Botrychium virginianum (Vir- 
ginia Grape Fern); Dryopteris sp? (Shield Fern); Adi- 
antum pedatum (Maiden-hair Fern); Solidago (several 
species) (Goldenrods); Heliopsis helianthoides (Smooth 
Oxeye); Hystrix hystrix (Bottle-brush Grass); and Aster 
(various species) (Asters. ) 
In the low portion of the woods were Eupatorium 
ageratoides (White Snake Root.) 
The following were rare plants not only for this 
dune complex, but even for this entire vicinity: 
Cypripedium parviflorum (Smaller Yellow Lady’s 
Slipper); Viola pedata (Birds-foot Violet); Unifolium 
canadense (False Lilly-of-the-Valley); and Panax quin- 
quefolium (Ginseng). 
The writer has failed to find the last two specimens 
anywhere else in this neighborhood during twelve years 
of botanizing. The first two are rarely found in this 
vicinity. These are strong witnesses for the compara- 
tively greater age of the Dune Complex over the others, 
and also of the varied conditions prevailing upon this 
area in former times. 
By an inspection of the above lists it will be seen 
that herbaceous plants are fully four times as numerous 
on the Miniature Duue Complex as on the West Dune. 
The North Dune contains a few more specimens 
than the West Dune, but not nearly as many as the 
Dune Complex. One plant common to the North Dune 
has not been observed on either of the others, namely: 
Spathyema foetida (Skunk Cabbage), although it is 
quite abundant on various portions of the prairie. 
