338 



REPORT OP THE COMMISSIONER OV AGRICULTURE. 



Total number of acres of cane rolled 590. 81 



Total tons of cane rolled 7, 203. 3 



Tons of cane per acre 12. 19 



Total pounds of sugar made 1, 159, 768. 00 



Pounds of sugar per acre 1 . 962. 6 



Total pounds molasses made (11.6 pounds per gallon) 418, 563. 00 



Pounds molasses per acre 708. 45 



Pounds molasses per ton cane 58. 17 



Table X. — Comparison of yield of sugar and molasses, seasons of 1884-'85, 1885-'86, 



and 1886. 



Yield of first and second sugat-s per cent. 



Yield of all sugars , ; do . . . 



Yield of first and second sugars per ton of cane pounds . 



Yield ot molasses per ton of cand do. . . 



1886. 1885-"86. I 1884-'85. 



8.05 



161.00 

 58.17 



148.75 



6.87 



*7.92 

 137. 39 

 58.25 



*ln l884-'85 three sugai'S were made. 



EXPERIMENTS IN FILTRATION. 



When in New Orleans, in NovemlDer, I received an invitation to 

 visit the experiment station and witness a test of the Kleemaiin proc- 

 ess for the filtration of the jnice. This test on a small scale was 

 very successfnl, and demonstrated clearly that all the jnice could 

 easily be filtered through presses. 



This process was invented by Fritz Kleemann, of Schoeliingen, " 

 Brunswick, Germany. It has been patented in all sugar-producing 

 countries. 



This, process was first tested on a large scale with cane juice in 

 Demerara at the following sugar-houses-. Nonpareil, Lusignan, En- 

 more, and others. The Nonpareil house filtered the juice from 400 

 long tons of cane per day, through 8 presses of 18 chambers each. 

 These tests were made in May, 1886, since when the process has been 

 introduced into Porto Rico and Cuba, 



The following is a description of the process as employed in cane 

 sugar-houses, brown coal or lignite being the filtering medium. The 

 raw juice is treated in the defecators or clarifiers with lime, as usual, 

 except that a smaller quantity is required. The juice is then heated 

 to a temperature between 160° and 180° F., and finely ground lignite 

 oi brown coal is added. The lignite or brown coal must be reduced 

 to as fine a state of division as is practicable. The quantity of lignite 

 to be added varies with the amount of sugar contained in the juice, 

 and ranges from 6 to 10 per cent, of the weight of the sugar. The 

 temperature of the mixture is maintained at from 150° to 170° F. fif- 

 teen or twenty minutes, and the juice is then pumped to the filter- 

 presses. The filtered juice passes directly to the evaporating-pans, 

 and the sirup, without further clarification or settling, can be imme- 

 diately boiled in the vacuum-pan. 



The juice left in the press cake in the filter-presses is obtained by 

 displacement with cold water. 



()ne 30-chamber Kroog press will filter 20,000 gallons of juice 

 treated by the Kleemann process in twenty-four hours, ample time 

 being allowed for displacement of the juice left in the press cake and 

 for cleaning i^resses, changing cloths, &c. An ordinary laborer can 

 manipulate the presses. 



