REPORT OF THE STATISTICIAN. 



411 



is corrected, as far as possible, by official returns received since this 

 matter was prejjared, modifying slightly the figures for 1885 and 

 the average. It shows that 1881 and 1883 were years of average 

 yield, those of 1883 and 1884 seasons of large, and that of 1885 one 

 somewhat above the medium production. The average of all is 

 1,210,0U0,UU0 bushels. 



Production of wheat in Europe from 1881 to 1885, indxmve. 



Countries. 



1885. 



1884. 



1888. 



1882. 



1881. 



Austria 



Hungary 



Belgium 



Denmark 



France 



Germany 



Great Britan and Ireland 



Greece 



Italy 



Netherlands 



Portugal 



Roumania 



Russia t 



Servia 



Spain 



Sweden 



Switzerland 



Turkey 



other coimtries 



Total 



Bushels. 



48,a81,992 



113,805,4(30 



19.573,926 



5, 000, 0<X» 



311,733,a33 



95,505,881 



82,081,3.32 



5, 102. 894 



118, 344, 589 



4,965,625 



7,661,250 



22, 629, 063 



177,929,544 



4,681,875 



113,500,000 



3,916.601 



2. 0.57, 188 



45,400.000 



*567, 500 



Bushels. 



43, 814, 740 



107,208.499 



22,700.000 



4, 969. 739 



324.i:W,397 



91.082.424 



84,595,368 



*5, 102,894 



115, 500, (XX) 



5, 892, 079 



7,093,780 



36,887,000 



266.711,972 



6, 242. 500 



99,312,500 



3,822,857 



*2, 128. 125 



42, 562, 5W 



*567,500 



Bushels. 



37,871,261 ! 



90,541,782 



10,645,666 



4, 682, 130 



294,400,346 



86. 379, 000 



72, 768, 921 



*5, 102, 8!>4 



124,411,748 



5,628,643 



8.519,.50<.1 



20,000,000 



218.816.360 



4..5(X),000 



120,000,000 



3,107,304 



*2, 128, 125 



36,887,500 



*567,500 



1,182,687,753 



1,270,324,880 1,152,951, 



Bushels. 



44. MS, 149 



131,746,879 



24,990,030 



4,554,284 



346, 610, 624 



93, 823, 048 



91.381.503 



*5, 102, 894 



155.012,168 



5.439,488 



7,200,000 



30,000,000 



202, 907, 736 



6. 810, 76S 



a5, 134, 60*1 



3,792,884 



*2, 128. 125 



*40,867,200 



*567, 500 



Bushels. 



41.167,716 



!5«,889,962 



14,782,229 



3, 102, 923 



274,699,385 



75, 660, 351 



82, 635, 679 



*5, 102, 894 



100.708,461 



4.704.575 



9.000,000 



25,0«X),000 



26.5. 131.. 340 



*4. 2.56. 7:30 



*119.188.440 



2. 222, 845 



*2, 128, 125 



♦40,867,200 



•507, 500 



1,282,617,880 



1,159,816,355 



* In the absence of official or reliable statistics for this year an average product is given. 

 t Exclusive of the Vistula Governments. 



This statement shows that the average production of Europe during 

 the past five years has been increased some 50,U00,000 bushels over 

 the average of the ten years preceding, which included several seasons 

 of unusually low yield in Western Europe. Those exceptional years 

 were the ones in which American exportation ran abnormally high, 

 and that extraordinary demand led to an increase of millions of acres 

 of wheat in this country, and to further enlargement of area in Rus- 

 sia, India, Australia, and South America. This furnishes a sufficient 

 explanation of the present plethora and low prices. 



The crop of 1885 in Europe was nearly equal to the average of five 

 years, while the one preceding was much larger in Europe and in Amer- 

 ica. The average production of the last five years in the United States 

 was 436,000,000 bushels; of the ten years preceding, some of which 

 supplied the heaviest demand for exportation ever known, 338,000,000 

 bushels. Thus the increase is at least 148,000,000 bushels, while the 

 increased i3opulation from 1875 to 1883 (say 18,000,000 in Europe and 

 10,p00,000 in the United States) would demand nearly that quantity. 

 It is not true, then, that the comparative supply is less than formerly 

 from the home product of these great producing countries. And the 

 increase in other quarters, in Canada, Mexico, India, South America, 

 and North Africa is probably an average of 7,000,000 acres, with an 

 average increase of product of 63,000.000 bushels, two-thirds of which 

 is available to enlarge the commercial supply. This explains why 

 our exports have averaged 122,000,000 bushels for the last five years, 

 when for the three years preceding the average was 171,000,000 bushels. 



The product of the world for 1885-86, harvested in 1885 in the 



