440 REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONER OF AGRICULTURE. 



Inman Line — Neiv York to Liverpool — Continued. 



Articles. 



■\Vlieat per bushel . 



Corn :.. .do 



Flour per bbl . 



Flour(in sacks) . p. 2,340 1 bs . 



Bacon do 



Lard do 



Cheese do 



Beef per tierce. 



Pork per bbl. 



Hops per lb . 



Tobacco per hhd . 



Lard (in small packages), 



per 3,340 lbs. 



Tobacco (incases), 



per 40 cu. ft , 



Measurement per ton, 40 



cubic feet 



Primage, per cent. . 



Scptember- 



18S4. 1385. 



SO OG 

 OG 



4:1 



.3 00 

 4 HO 



4 HO 

 G 00 



9G 

 73 

 01 



5 40 



G 00 



4 80 

 4 8o] 



30 07 

 07 

 36 



3 00 



4 30 

 4 20 

 7 -M 



73 

 48 

 OOf 

 4 30 



6 00 



4 80 



3 CO 

 to 



4 80 



SO 0.5 

 0.5 

 36 



2 40 



3 GO 



3 CO 



4 80 

 60 

 43 

 OOJ 



4 20 



3 CO 



3 00 

 to 



4 80 



October — 



1884. 1885. 188G 



08 

 48 



3 GO 

 6 00 



6 00 



7 20 

 1 08 



84 



01 



7 20 



7 20 



4 80 

 4 80 



to 

 6 00 



08 

 48 



3 00 



4 80 

 4 80 

 7 20 



60 



m 



4 80 

 6 00 



4 80 



3 60 

 to 



4 80 



$0 08 

 08 

 48 



3 GO 



4 80 

 4 80 

 G 00 



fri 

 60 

 OOJ 

 6 60 



6 00 



4 80 



4 30 



to 



4 80 



November- 



1884. 1835. 1886 



SO 10 

 10 

 GO 



3 90 

 G 00 

 G 00 

 7 30 

 1 08 



84 



00| 



7 20 



7 20 



G 00 



4 80 

 to 



6 00 



08 



GO 



3 GO 



7 20 



7 30 



9 00 



1 33 



96 



OOJ 



6 00 



8 40 

 4 80 

 4 81 



$0 08} 



OH} 



48 



3 60 



G 00 



G 00 



December- 



1884. 1885. 



G 00 

 9 GO 

 9 60 

 30 10 80 



96 

 72 



OOJ 

 G 00 



7 20 



4 80 



3 60 

 to 



4 80' 



14 SO 06 

 14 06 

 3G 

 3 00 

 6 m 



6 00 



7 20 

 1 08 



72 



1 68 



1 20 



OOJ 



7 20 



OOJ 

 4 80 



10 80 ! 7 20 

 6 00 

 6 00^ 



4 80 



3 CO 

 to 



4 80 



$0 09i 

 I 09i 

 I 48 



3 GO 



6 GO 



CO 



7 20 



1 08 

 84 

 OOf 



6 00 



7 20 



4 80 

 4 20 



to 

 4 80 



FOREIGN TRADE OF SOUTH AMERICA. 



The extent of the South American continent, its vast areas of pro- 

 ductive lands, and its proximity to the United States are considera- 

 tions that affect not only our future trade, but our agriculture. Its 

 condition hitherto is like that of North America at the time of our 

 Revolutionary war; its practically illimitable areas unoccupied, ex- 

 cept very sparsely, if not by an aboriginal population, by a Spanish- 

 Indian element almost equally intractable and inefficient as subduers 

 of nature to the uses of man. A small sprinkling of European immi- 

 gration has given whatever of progress has been made. But a new 

 era is dawning. Immigrants are of late pouring into the temperate 

 zone, especially into the Argentine Republic, from Italy, Spain, and 

 other countries of Southern Europe, literally by millions, bringing 

 money, agricultural implements (the more enterprising ordering them 

 from the manufacturers of the United States), knowledge of modern 

 agricultural methods, and a good degree of enterprise and ambition. 

 The rapid extension of railroads opens up new lands, on which agri- 

 cultural colonies are located, and wheat, flax, and other |)roducts are 

 already largely grown, and seeking export. 



From this immigration, railroads connecting the fat pampas with 

 salt-water navigation, and the enticing cheapness of these i^roductive 

 lands, a competition with our meat and wheat and '\\'ool may become 

 more serious than any heretofore suffered. India is populous and un- 

 enterprising, with old and worn soils, sending only 5 to 15 per cent, 

 of her wheat, and liable in any year to need it all to save her people 

 from famine. The Argentine Republic has a virgin soil, few people 

 to feed, and can soon send 50 to 75 per cent, of wheat produced to for- 

 eign countries. India plows with a stick and thrashes with the hoof 

 of oxen; the Argentine Republic and Chili are moving for the best 

 steel plows and the finest American reapers and thrashers. Our com- 



Eetition in wheat is to be serious with South America, when appre- 

 ensions of Indian competition yield to pity for her famine-strickeu 

 people. 



