480 REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONER OF AGRICULTURE. 



in a tin box they exude a certain amount of wax, often enough to 

 partially hide them from view. If disturbed, they twist and bend 

 their bodies quite vigorously. 



The cocoon (Plate I, Fig. 5) is of an irregular elongate shape, 

 appearing a little denser in the center, where the pupa has placed 

 itself, and at the edges delicate and translucent. The material of 

 which the cocoon is composed is very delicate, and appears like the 

 finest cotton, but on submission to a gentle heat it melts as readily 

 as the coarser secretion of the female, and leaves the larva or pupa, 

 as the case may be, clean and exposed. 



The adult 'Male (Plate 1, Fig. 1). — A careful description of the 

 male of this species has never been published. It Avas unknown to 

 Mr. Maskell at the date of his first paper and has not been mentioned 

 in any of his subsequent papers. Mr. Trimen attemi3ted to breed it, 

 but was unsuccessful. He says: " So little is certainly known of the 

 males of the Coccidse that I have kept from time to time a large 

 number of this Dorthesia under glass m the hope of obtaining the 

 males, but hitherto without success. I once, however, found on my 

 window a male of some Coccus which I thought was very probably 

 that of the introduced species, as it agreed in most of its important 

 characters with Westwood's figure of the male Dorthesia characias. 

 It was d.ark-red, with the wings gray, and very slender and fragile 

 in its structure. It measured if inch across the expanded wings." 



The male was unknown to Professor Comstock, but was very briefly 

 mentioned by Dr. Chapin in the first report of the Board of State 

 Horticultural Commissioners, Sacramento, 1883, p. G8. He found 

 the male in numbers during a period of two weeks from September 

 25, 1881, but did not observe it in 1882. It is also mentioned by 

 Matthew Cooke in his ''Injurious Insects," &c., 1883, p. 166, and a 

 rough and uncharacteristic figure is given at Fig. 146, Plate 3. His 

 few words of description are: "Male insect, winged; color, thorax 

 and body dark brown; abdomen, red; antennae, dark colored, with 

 light hairs extending from each joint; wings, brown, iridescent." 

 The following detailed description is drawn up from numerous speci- 

 mens, both mounted, and living: 



The adult male is a trifle over 3™™ in length, and has an average wing exj^anse of 

 7 5mm_ Tije general color is orange-red. The head above is triangular in shape, 

 with the apex blunt and projectmg forward between the bases of the antennae. The 

 eyes are placed at the other apices of the triangle, and are large, prominent, and fur- 

 nished with well-marked facets. There are no mouth-parts, but on the under side 

 of the head is a stellate black spot with five prongs, one projecting forward on the 

 conical lengthening of the head, one on each side to a point just anterior to the eyes 

 and just posterior to the bases of the antennas, and the remaining two extending lat- 

 erally backwards behind the eyes. The antennas are light brown in color and are 

 composed of ten joints. Joint 1 is stout, almost globular, and nearly as broad as 

 long; joint 2 is half as broad as 1 and is somewhat longer; joint 3 is nearly twice as 

 long as 1 and slightly narrower than 3; joints 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 are all of about 

 the same length as joint 3, and grow successively a little more slender; each joint, 

 except joint 1, is furnished with two whorls of long light-brown hairs, one near base 

 and the other near tip; each joint is somewhat constricted between its two whorls, 

 joint 2 less so than the others. There are no visible ocelli. The pronotum has two 

 wavy subdorsal longitudinal black lines, and the mesonotum is nearly all black, (ex- 

 cept an oval patch on the scutum. Tlie metanotal spiracles are black, and there is a 

 transverse crescent-shaped black mark, with a short median backward prolongation. 

 The mesosternum is black. The legs are also nearly black and quite thickly fur- 

 nished with sliort hairs. Tlie wings are smoky black, and are covered with rounded 

 wavy elevations, makmg a reticulate surface, a cross-section of which would ap- 

 pear" crenulate. The costa is thick and brown above the subcostal vein, wliich 

 reaches costa at a trifle more than four-fifths the length of the wing. The only 

 other vein (the median) is gi^'en off at about one-sixth the length of the wing, and 

 extends out into the d sk a little m.ore than one-half the wing length. There are, 



