562 REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONER OF AGRICULTURE. 



Experiment 29. Soap 22. 



Soap, 2 pints; water, 1 gallon. Applied August 6. August 10, found all scales 

 and egg-masses liard; tree not injured. September 15, many scales have come on 

 tree again; it is healthy and bloom i ng. 



Experiment 30. Soap 25 and crude carbolic acid. 



Soap, 6 pints; crude carbolic acid, emulsified, \ pound; water, 6 gallons. Applied 

 August 7. Did not penetrate egg-masses well. August 23, living scales quite nu- 

 merous. 



Experiment 31. Soap 25 and petroleum emulsion. 



Soap, 2 pints; emulsion, 1 pint; water, 3 gallons. Applied August 8. August 10, 

 scales nearly all dead but not dry, having an inflated appearance. August 14, a 

 few scales have recovered. Sepvember 14, tree clean; scales very few. 



Experiment 32. Soap 25. Petroleum emulsion. 



Soap, 2 pints; emulsion,! pint; water, 2 gallons. Applied August 9. Destroyed 

 all scales and eggs. September 14, occasionally one scale on branches only; none 

 on stem. Tree healthy; fruit not mjured or spotted. 



Experiment 34. Soap 25. Petroleum emulsion. 



Soap, 3 pints; emulsion, 1 pint; water, 3 gallons. Applied August 9. Found 

 scales and egg-masses hardened the following day and many dead insects on ground. 

 September 14, very few scales; stem and large branches entirely free; tree nealthy 

 and growing. 



Expei-iment 35. Soap made cold. Soap emulsion. 



One pound of potash was dissolved in 1 quart of water; 2 pints of fish-oil made 

 lukewarm, and the lye slowly added under 'continued stirring; then i gallon of 

 water, in which 1 pound of slaked lime had been, was added. After two days 

 water was added to make 36 pints, and in a week it had become an emulsion or im- 

 jjerfect soap. One pint of this (costing 1 cent) to 1 gallon of water. Applied Au- 

 gust 11. Will penetrate all egg-masses well. August 14, found all scales and eggs 

 destroyed. August 17, black sticky drops remamed on fruit and leaves had begun 

 to drop. September 14, occasionally one young scale; black drops had disappeared 

 from fruit, not leaving any mark. About one-quarter of the leaves have fallen. 



Experiment 36. Emulsion 35. 



Heated emulsion to cooking-point; then toot 1 pint to 1 gallon of water. This did 

 not penetrate egg-masses well, and many of the larger remained dry inside. De- 

 stroyed all of the scales, but some of the eggs hatched and young became numerous. 

 Many leaves dropped. 



Experiment 37. Whale-oil soap. 



Made of potash, 1 pound; fish-oil, 2 pints; and water to make 36 pints of soap, 

 costing i cent per pint. 



Soap, 2 pints; water, 1 gallon. Applied August 13. This penetrated all egg- 

 masses well, and all the scales were found dead the next day. August 17, scales 

 and egg-masses hard. 



Experiment 38. Soap 37. 



Soajj, 1 pint; water, 1 gallon. Applied August 13. Will not peneti-ate egg-masses 

 well. Abovit half of the eggs and scales killed. 



Experiment 39. Soap 37. Petroleum emulsion. 



Soap, 5 pints; emulsion, 1 pint; water, 42 pints. Applied August 13. Tree well 

 sprayed. All the scales were found dead the next day. Only a few of the eggs 

 hatched, but scales were numerous again September 14. 



Experiment 40. Soap 37. Petroleum emulsion. 



Soap, 5 pints; emulsion, 1 pint; water, 4 gallons. Applied August 16. On the 

 18th all the scales killed; egg-masses hard. August 23, a few scales on stem again. 

 September 14, scales increasing, especially on stem; tree and fruit not injured or 

 discolored. 



