REPORT OP THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 563 



Experiment 41. Kerosene emulsion. 



Kerosene, 1 gallon; soap, 37^ gallons; water, 1 gallon. Soap and water heated 

 and all worked together for half an hour with pump. This formed a cream-white 

 emulsion and became as tliick as cream on cooling. 



One pint of this emulsion to 1 gallon of water. Applied August 16. Did not pen- 

 etrate egg-masses; killed only a small part of young scales. September 14, tree full 

 of scales. 



Experiment 42. Kerosene emulsion 41. 



Emulsion, 2 pints; water, 1 gallon. Applied August 16. Did not penetrate egg- 

 masses well. Found next day about half of the eggs destroyed, also about half of 

 the scales were dead; several dead Coleoptera on ground. August 2'd, a few of the 

 scales still living; eggs hatching. September 14, a few of the mother scales still 

 living; young hatching numerously. 



Experiment 43. Kerosene emulsion 41 ; soap 37. 



Emulsion, 1 pint; soap, 1 pint; water, 1 gallon. Applied August 16. Tree well 

 sprayed; penetrated nearly all the egg-masses. August 33, a few insects still living. 

 September 14, scales numerous; Black Scale (L. oleoe) not all dead. 



Experiment 4A. Kerosene emulsion 41 ; soap 37. 



Emulsion, 1 pint; soap, 3 pints; water, 4 gallons. Applied August 16. Tree 

 sprayed well, and nearly all egg-masses were found wet. August 18, about half of 

 the scales dry, the others still soft but inflated; some of the egg-masses dry in center. 

 August 23, young hatchmg occasionally. September 14, scales numerous again. 



Experiment 45. Kerosene emulsion 41 ; soap 37. 



Emulsion, 1 pint; soap, 3 pints; water, 2 gallons. Applied August 17. Had pen- 

 etrated all egg-masses well after spraying; found 3 dead larva? of Tortrix on stem, 

 destroyed by wash. August 23, occasionally one hving insect; no young hatching. 

 September 14, few insects on Bi-anches, but stem full. 



Experiment 46. Kerogene emulsion 41 ; soap 37. 



Emulsion, 1 pint; soap, 5 pints; water, 6 gallons. Apphed August 17 on lemon 

 tree. Did not penetrate egg-masses well; killed one-haLf of the eggs and three- 

 fourths of the scales. In a short time the tree was full again. 



Experiment 47. Kerosene emulsion 41 ; soap 37. 



Emulsion, 1 pint; soap, 5 pints; water, 4 gallons. Applied August 18. Occasion- 

 ally one of the mother scales survived, but very few young hatched. 



Experiment 51. Kerosene emulsion 41. 



Emulsion, 3 pints; water, 1 gallon. Apphed August 25. Tree full of Icerya and 

 Red Scales. Penetrated all egg-masses well ; killed eggs and insects of Icerya. Only 

 a few young of Red Scale hatched; old all destroyed. 



Experiment 63. Tar soap. 



Made of fish-oil, 2 pints; pine tar, 1 pint; potash, 1 pound; water, 4 gallons. 



Soap, 1 pmt; water, 1 gallon. Applied August 31. September 10, some of the 

 mother insects still living and producing fresh eggs. September 18, all insects cov- 

 ered with fungus; some of the mother scales living; young hatching. 



Experiment 64. Tar soap 63. 



Soap, 2 pints; water 1 gallon. Applied August 31. Penetrated all egg-masses 

 weU, and all scales and eggs were destroyed; tree not injured. 



Experiment 65. Tar soap 63. 



Soap, ^ pint; water 1 gallon. Apphed August 31. Killed only a small part of 

 young scales and small egg-masses. 



Experiment 68. Tobacco soap. 



42^^?nts of Sf'**''' " ^"'''''^' ^^^'""^^ ^ P""*^' P^^^^^' 1 P^^^d; and water to make 



Jr^}r.\f''^'t?'' '^ P^^-'*'''^ '"^ "^ \^^ ^^^ ^^^^^ ^^o^^d ^ith part of the lye, and this i^ 

 added after the soap is complete. 



