564 REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONER OF AGRICULTURE. 



Soap, 1 pint ; water, 1 gallon. Applied September 2, Penetrated only smaller egg- 

 masses well. September 6, occasionally one scale living; no young as yet have 

 hatched. September 11, scales still dying; large females, although living, yet soft 

 and sickly; noticed many walking down on trunk of tree. No newly hatched 

 young could be found. November 4, scales few; tree in good condition. 



Experiment 69. Tobacco soap 68. 



Soap, li pint; water, 1 gallon. Applied September 2. Will not penetrate eg-g- 

 masses well. November 6, no living insects found. November 11, occasionally one 

 moving scale; nearly everything dry. September 14, a few of the mother scales are 

 depositmg fresh eggs, but without cottony mass, lying exposed. November 4, scales 

 very few; tree healthy. 



Experiment 70. Tobacco soap 68. 



Soap, 2 pints; water, 1 gallon. Applied September 2. Will penetrate all egg- 

 masses if sprayed well. Pump broke and tree was not sprayed well. September 6, 

 all eggs destroyed and nearly all the insects; a few were observed leaving the tree. 

 September 18, quite a number of living scales on tree; some still dying. November 

 4j scales few; tree healthy. 



Experiment 71. Soap emulsion 35. 



Another trial of this emulsion was made; contents same as in 35. The mixture 

 was stirred every day and used on the tenth day. 



One pint of this emulsion to 1 gallon of water. Applied September 2 on large tree; 

 10 gallons of the wash used. Penetrated all egg-masses. September 6, all eggs and 

 scales destroyed. Result about the same as in 25, but not quite as many leaves fell. 

 October 7, tree remarkably clean, growing well; fruit not marked. 



Experiment 74. Whale-oil soap. 



Made of whale-oil, 3 pints; potash, 1 pound; water to make 40 pints of soap; cost- 

 ing about i cent per pint. This was not as perfect as when only 2 pints of oil were 

 used. 



Soap, 1 pint; water, 1 gallon. Applied September 6. Result, about three-fom'ths 

 of scales and eggs killed. 



Experiment 75. Soap 74. 



Soap, li pints; water, 1 gallon. Applied September 6. Result: Will destroy eggs 

 and scales, but also tips and budding leaves or tender shoots; the older leaves did 

 not fall. 



Experiment 76. Soap 74. 



Soap, 2 pints; water, 1 gallon. Apphed September 6. Killed scales and eggs; 

 result on tree about the same as in 75. 



Experiment 77. Tallow soap. 



Made of tallow, 2i pounds; resin, | pound; potash, 1 pound; and water to make 

 34 pints of soap; costing ^ cent per pint. 



Soap, 1 pint; water, 1 gallon. Applied September 9. Wash will penetrate all 

 egg-masses well. September 10, eggs and insects destroyed; nearly everything hard. 

 Nothing escaped this wash, and the tree was not in the slightest injiu:ed or arrested 

 in its growth. 



Experiment 78. Soap 77. 



Soap, li pints; water, 1 gallon. Applied September 9. Killed scales and eggs; 

 tree not injured. 



Experiment 79. Soap 77. 



Soap, i pint; water, 1 gallon. Applied warm, September 9. Penetrated only 

 smaller egg-masses well. About half of the scales and eggs destroyed. 



Experiment 84. Soap of fish-oil, tobacco, and resin. 



Made of fish-oil, 2 pints; resin, i pound; tobacco, i pound; potash, 1 pound; and 

 water, 3 gallons. 



Soap, i pint; water, 1 gallon. Applied September 11. Many of the scales survived, 

 and only small part of the eggs were destroyed. 



Experiment 85. Soap 84. 



Soap, 1 pint; water, 1 gallon. Applied September 11. September 18, some of the 

 scales hardened and others became inflated. One of the mother scales deposited 6 

 more eggs before dying and one of the young hatched. On September 22 all had 



