REPORT OF THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 565 



hardened. October 5, no young scales; tree covered with fungus. November 4, 

 fungus loose; scales very few; tree in good condition. 



Experiment 86. Soap 84. 



Soap, U pints; water, 1 gallon. Applied September 11. On the 18th some of the 

 insects were still dying. On the 30th all were hard, October 5, tree full of fungus - 



Experiment 87. Soap 77. 



Soap, i pint; water, 1 gallon. Applied September 11. Ti-ee well sprayed, and 

 most of the egg-masses were penetrated by wash. Result: Nearly all the eggs de- 

 stroyed; only a few mother scales survived and produced fresh eggs. 



Experiment 88. Resin soap. 



Made of resin, 3 pounds; tallow, 1 pound; potash, 1 pound; and water to make 20 

 pints of soap; costing f cent per pint. 



Soap, i pint; water, 1 gallon. Applied September 13. Penetrated all egg-masses 

 well. September 18, some of the scales began to dry up; no fresh eggs. September 

 22, all dead, but not hard. October 4, occasionally one young scale; tree in fine 

 condition. 



Experiment 89. Soap 88. 



Soap, 1 pint; water, 1 gallon. Applied September 13. The scales were all dead 

 on the 22d, but not hard. October 5, scales and eggs destroyed; tree in good con- 

 dition. 



Experiment 90. Soap 88. 



Soap, li pints; water, 1 gallon. Applied September 13. Destroyed scales and eggs, 

 although they were not hard on the 22d. October 5, no living scales; tree in good 

 condition. 



Experiment 92. Tobacco soap. 



Made of tobacco, -J- pound; taUow, 1| pounds; resin, 1| pounds; potash, 1 pound; 

 and water to make 40 pints of soap; costing -J cent per pmt. 



Soap, i pint; water, 1 gallon. AppUed September 15. Tree well sprayed. Re- 

 sult: Nearly all the scales and eggs destroyed; scales die very slowly; some Hemip- 

 tera and Coccinellids found dead on ground. 



Experiment 93. Soap 92. 



Soap, f pint; water, 1 gallon. Applied September 15. September 17, all eggs and 

 scales seem to be destroyed. September 22, insects not yet all dry, but dead; tree 

 in very good condition. Wash sufiiciently effective. 



Experiment 94. Soap 92. 



Soap, 1 pint; water, 1 gallon. Applied September 15, Penetrated all egg-masses 

 well and destroyed everything. September 22, scales not hardened; nothing living. 



Experiment 99, Resin soap. 



Made of resin, 3 pounds; tallow, 1 pound; potash, 1 pound; and water to make 33 

 pints of soap; costing ^ cent per pint. 



Soap, \ pint; water, 1 gallon. Applied September 20 on large and dirty tree full 

 of fungus, almost covering some of the egg-masses. Nearly aU the eggs were de- 

 stroyed. Some of the mother scales recovered and produced fresh eggs. 



Experiment 100, Soap 99. 



Soap, I pint; water, 1 gallon. AppUed September 20. Had penetrated all egg- 

 masses after spraymg. September 22, nearly all scales killed, October 12, occa- 

 sionally one living scale. 



Experiment 101. Soap 99. 



Soap, 1 pint; water, 1 gallon. Applied September 22, Some of the mother scales 

 were still living on the 24th, yet all had died on September 30, but were not drv. 

 November 2, tree nearly clean of scales. It was also thickly infested with Red Scale, 

 but all these were killed. 



Experiment 102. Soap 77 and hme water. 



One pound of slaked lime in 20 pints of water. After the water became clear i 

 pint of tins was taken with \ pint of soap to 7* pmts of pure water. Applied Sep- 

 tember 24. Result: All eggs destroyed and scales all dead after six days, although a 

 few fresh eggs were left. Ti-ee not injured. The trees were very thoroughly 

 sprayed. The result would not have been so good vsdth a light spraying. 



