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strongly impregnated with mineral matter, but was nevertheless unlit for 

 domestic use. The Nashville well, 500 feet cleey, flows about 29,000 gal- 

 lons per day, and the water is strongly impregnated with sulphur. The 

 White Sulphur well, in Crawford County, flows about 15,000 gallons per 

 day. There are many other wells of this type in the region, but even if 

 their flow were increased by pumping, none of them have a capacity 

 suflicient, to be of any consequence, and, moreover, they are all too strongly 

 impregnated with mineral matter to be of use for domestic or nuniicipai 

 purposes. They vary in depth from a few hundred feet to 1,000 feet or 

 more. 



Attempts have also been made to obtain water from shallow wells in 

 the limestone. There are three levels at which water may be e.xpected 

 In small quantities in the Mississippian limestones; namely, at the top of 

 the Oolitic, at the top of tlie Harrodsburg limestone, and at the top of the 

 Knobstone formation. The latter horizon is the most important. The 

 writer is familiar with the liistory of a considerable number of such wells 

 in the vicinity of Bloomiugton, and these are typical of the entire lime- 

 stone region. The University has drilled, at one time and another, three 

 wells on the campus in the hope of obtaining water for boiler-water. These 

 wells vary in depth from 50 to more than iOO feet, and reach the top of 

 the Knobstone formation. The city of Bloomiugton also drilled a well in 

 the dry season of 1908, starting at the top of the Oolitic limestone and 

 reaching to the top of the Knobstone. Private individuals in and about 

 Bloomington have drilled a number of wells of a similar sort. None of 

 these wells have produced a supply of water sufhcieut for even a small 

 town, and some of them have been total failures. The reason for these 

 failures is not far to seek. First of all the Knobstone formation, an ini- 

 l)ervious rock, underlies these limestones at a comi)aratively slight depth, 

 constituting a level beneath which no water can be obtained, except small 

 quantities of mineral water, as descril)ed above. Second, in the eastern 

 part of the area, the extent and thickness of outcrop of the limestone above 

 the Knobstone, are not suflicient to furnish gathering grounds for water 

 in quantity, and the limestones are, in addition, very thoroughly drained 

 out by the deep ravines that trench the eastern edge of the region. Third, 

 in the central port of the area, where the limestones are thicker and more 

 extensive, they are also so cavernous that sliallow wells are a failure, 

 except where tliey strike tlu^ nndergroiuid streams, and deeper wells pro- 



