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Rp:sults of Gi.actation in Indiana. 



By Charles W. Shannon. 



Diu'iiig the past five or six years my field work lias been iu both the 

 ^hiciated and uuglaciated parts of Indiana. The work has been chiefly 

 c-onceniing the surface features, such as drainage, soils, clays, gravel and 

 sand deposits, and stone outcrops. A study of these surface features has 

 revealed many contrasts between the two areas. Some of these are very 

 marked, others are not so prominent at first consideration. It is the 

 purpose of this paper to show some of these results of glaciatiou within 

 the State. 



For the general hiformation concerning the ice sheets which have 

 invaded the State, and their influence upon drainage and other physical 

 features, I have drawn upon the works of Prof. T. C. Chamberliu, Mr. 

 Frank Leverett, Dr. Charles R. Dryer, and others who have made special 

 studies and investigations in glaciation within the State. 



The work of the glaciers in Indiana has been attracting the attention 

 of geologists and other investigators for a number of years. Both the 

 State and the United States Surveys, as well as individuals, have done a 

 great amount of work and are at present engaged in the investigation. A 

 careful study of the glacial deposits in Indiana will throw much light 

 upon the conditions present in adj(;ining States, and on the results of 

 glaciation in general. According to Mr. Leverett, the glacial deposits and 

 scorings of the State have been recognized from the earliest days of set- 

 tlement. "It is in Indiana that we find about the first recognition in 

 America of the boulders as erratics and of strife as products of ice action. 

 So long ago as 1828, granite and other roclvs of distant derivation were 

 observed by geologists near New Harmony, in the southwestern part of 

 the State; at nearly as early a date (1842), stripe were noted near Rich- 

 mond, in the eastern part of the State." But even with these observa- 

 tions, very little attention was given to the deposits until within the past 

 twenty-five or thirty years. 



About four-fifths of the State lies in the glaciated area. In the south 

 central part of the State is a driftless area comprising all or a part of 

 twenty counties. 



