331 



Itupillai form. On apples lyijij;- on j^round, Winter King's X'lifte, Norths, 

 Jiev. M. J. Berlceley. Asci broadly elliptic, septate filled with yellowish 



green granular " Why he should say "Asci septate," etc., is not 



known. In his Outlines ("00)^ he changed the name to Sphacropsis ma- 

 loniDi Berk, listing ^plnicria inaloniiii in synonomy. 



Since the spores of Sphacropsis malorum are brown when mature, and 

 those of Phoma are greenish, Saecardo ('84)- used the name Photmi ma- 

 lorum. (Berk.) Sacc. for Berkeley's fungus. In 188(5, the genus Phoma 

 was divided, the basis of separation being the size of the sivores. Species 

 of the genus Phoma with spores less than 15 microns long were retained 

 in that genus, while those species with longer spores were placed in the 

 genus Macrophoma. Consequently, Saccardo's Phoma malorum (Berk.) 

 Sacc. was renamed by Berlese and Voglino ('8(5)^ as Macrophoma m-alorum 

 (Berk.) Berl. and Vogl. Meanwhile Dr. Peck ('78)' found a black rot 

 fungus on apples which had brown spores. He believed it to be Berkeley's 

 fungus, and so called it 8p]iaeropsis malorum Berk. But Saecardo ('84)' 

 believed that, since the spores were brown, Peck's fungus was new and 

 used the name Sphacropsis inalorum Pk. 



Paddock ('90)° points out that Sphacropsis uiali Westd. and *S'. cin- 

 crea (C &E.) Sacc. are identical with *S'. malorum Pk. In his second re- 

 port (1. c, pp. 211-212) he states, as a result of inoculation work, that 

 S. malorum Pk. occurs on apple trees, pear trees and hawthorn trees, and 

 on apple, pear, and quince fruits. From this it seems that the species 

 of Sphaeropsis on these different hosts are all identical with >S. malorum 

 Pk. O'Gara ('02)^ records that Spltaeropsis rhoina (Sehw.) Starb. on 

 Rlius yhihra is identical with 8. malorum Pk. 



Unfortunately it seems that species of Sphaeropsis have been con- 

 fused with species of Diplodia. The two genera are almost identical, the 

 chief distinction being that the spores of the former are usually 1-celled. 

 wliile the latter embraces species with 2-celled spores. But both genera 

 fail in their chief distinction, so that mycologists have frequently been 



''60. Berkeley, M. J. Outlines of British Fungology (Lovell Reve, London). 1860:316. 



= '84. Saecardo, P. A. Sylloge Fungorum, 3:152. 1884. 



"'86. Berlese, A. N. and Voglino, P. Atti. Soc. Veneto-Trentina 1886:184. 



«'78. Peck, C. H. Report N. Y. State Mus. Nat. Hist. 31:20. 1878. 



»'84. Saecardo, P. A. Sylloge Fungorum, 3:294. 1884. 



«'99. Paddock, W. The New York Apple Tree Canker. N. Y. (Geneva) Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 



163:202. 1899. 



' '02. O'Gara, P. J. Notes on Canker and Black Rot. Science n. s. 16:434-435. 1902. 



