190 Proceedings of Indiana Academy of Science. 
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In 1910, the average farm contained 102.3 acres; 93.8 per cent of the 
total land area was in farms, and 82.7 per cent of this was improved; 
35,392 acres were classed as wood land. In 1916 the waste land 
amounted to 4,067 acres. 
Sixty-four and three-tenths per cent of all farms were operated by 
owners in 1910, which was a decrease of 1.4 per cent in ten years; 
twenty-three farms were operated by managers, a decrease of four in 
ten years. Eight hundred eighty-four of the farms operated by the 
owners were free from mortgage debt, while 669 had mortgages. 
A crop that is on the increase is that of the soy bean—797 acres 
were devoted to it alone and 271 acres in combination with other crops. 
It can be used in the silo, thrashed for seed, or hogged down in the 
fall. Cow peas showed an acreage of seventy acres where grown alone 
and thirty-three acres where they were mixed with another crop or 
crops. 
The crops cut for ensilage during 1917 amounted to 4,591 acres, 
which, we will suppose, were put in the 456 silos found in the county 
that fall. The greater percent of those crops consisted of corn, with 
some using part soy beans or cow peas. 
The county had 934 acres devoted to white potatoes in 1917. 
Most of the small fruit and truck crops occur in small farm gardens, 
but one acre was devoted to onions, two acres to tomatoes, five acres to 
cabbages, nine acres to watermelons, and fifteen acres to muskmelons 
(cantaloupes). Strawberries, blackberries and raspberries occupied sixty- 
four acres, while we find 43,849 bearing apple trees, 18,203 peach trees, 
and 11,455 pear trees. 
Cass County is a grain-producing county, with a great deal of stock 
to consume the grain on the farm. Fifty-eight thousand six hundred 
three acres of corn were harvested in 1917, which did not give a normal 
yield that year because of the early frost. F 
During 1917 Cass County harvested 28,293 acres of wheat, but planted 
a larger acreage that year, amounting to 37,826 acres. The farmers 
