EROSIONAL FREAKS OF THE SALUDA LIMESTONE. 
ELMER G. SULZER, Madison. 
In the Madison region, the Saluda Limestone presents many peculiar 
freaks of erosion. The best exposures of these peculiarities are on the 
Hitz Hill, immediately northwest of Madison. 
There is exposed in part of the quarry (extreme east part) about 
ten feet of typical limestone. Its top is distinctly formed and above 
it are several feet of white, chalky clay, doubtless formed by the 
decomposition of this same formation. The section as above described 
extends for about thirty feet. Beyond there is a sharp, clean-cut 
projection of the rock. Where this projection is supposed to join the 
Figure showing the irregularity of erosion of the saluda limestone. 
main body, however, a crack from one to three inches wide intervenes. . 
This gives rise at first to the supposition that there may be a fault, but 
this possibility is speedily ruled out when, by minutely tracing the rock 
courses, similar occurrences of them on a smaller scale are found. 
Probably the most wonderful thing about this section and many 
similar ones in this locality is the presence of this chalky stratum at 
different levels. This stratum is at times both overlaid and underlaid 
by limestones and does not blend into them but is separated from 
them by distinct lines of contact. In the section discussed above chalky 
strata also occur in the projection but at a very different level. At the 
same level in the main quarry is the solid limestone. 
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