51 
Bottle-nose Whale, White Whale and Killer Whale. His story of whales 
and whale fishing, in the main, corresponds very much with what I have 
found in the authorities that I have consulted. 
The mammalia is constituted of the highest order of the animal kingdom. 
Strange as it may seem, a whale belongs to this order, and not to that of 
the fishes which in form and habitat, it so much resembles. It is a hot, 
red blooded creature, breathing by means of lungs, which lie in the interior 
of the body in a definite chest cavity, shut off from the rest of the cavity 
of the body by a large muscular partition or diaphragm. Frequently it has 
vestiges of the hairs which cover the bodies of other mammals and the 
presence of a few scattered hairs in the neighborhood of the mouth. It 
brings forth its young alive and suckles them with milk. At Kyuquot 
Whaling Station I saw the foetus of one that was six feet long that had 
been taken from a slaughtered mother whale. The bones of the skull are 
precisely like those of other mammals, and only differ slightly in their 
relative arrangement. 
Whales are the giants of creation; they are not only the largest of the 
living animals, but of all animals that have existed, except perhaps the 
one hundred and thirty foot Dinosaur, recently described, and in many re- 
spects are the most interesting and wonderful of all creatures. They are 
all fish-like in form with tapering bodies, one pair of paddles, no apparent 
vestige of hind limbs, no external ears, tiny eyes, and black piebald or white 
coloration. They are divided into two families, namely, Mystacoceti, or 
toothless whalebone whales, and Odontoceti, or toothed whales. All of the 
members of the first family are called whales, but of the second only cer- 
tain of the larger ones are so termed, the smaller species being popularly 
spoken of as “‘Bottlenoses”, ‘‘Dolphins” and “Porpoises’”’. 
The family Mystacoceti, or whalebone whales, is subdivided into three 
genera, (1) Balaena, (2) Megaptera, and (38) Balenoptera. The Balaena 
consist ot the Greenland, or more properly Arctic right whale, and seveyval 
other species described according to their geographical distribution. In 
the Greenland or Arctic right whale all the peculiarities which distinguish 
the head and mouth of the whales from those of other mammals have at- 
tained their greatest development. The head is of enormous size, exceed- 
ing one-third of the whole length of the creature. The cavity of the mouth 
is actually longer than that of the body, thorax, and abdomen altogether. 
The upper jaw is very narrow, but greatly arched from before backwards, 
to increase the height of the cavity and allow for the great length of the 
baleen, or whalebone; the enormous rami of the mandibles are widely sep- 
arated posteriorly, and have a still further outward sweep before they 
meet at the symphysis in front, giving the floor of the mouth the shape of 
an immense spoon. In front of the door to “Ye Old Canosity Shop” on the 
wharf at Seattle, I saw a pair of jaw bones of a whale which were marked 
as being twenty feet and one inch long and weighing one thousand pounds 
each. 
The Baleen blades of these whales, or whalebone, as known in common 
parlance, attain the number of three hundred and eighty or more on each 
