REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST I913 63 
the garden and outplanted in rows the same distance apart and on 
uniform soil, Scotch pine from Hungarian seed, French seed, 
Belgian seed, Finnish seed and native Pfalzian seed. The experi- 
ment is now twelve years old and may be paety summarized as 
follows: 
The Hungarian pines show many failures, a heavy death rate, 
many of wolfy, unsymmetrical and uneven rate of growth, frequent 
loss of top shoots, not uniform, unhealthy in color, averaging 
slightly over 3 feet in height. 
The French pines are darker in color and more healthy in ap- 
pearance, but show, nevertheless, many failures and a strong in- 
clination to grow wolfy and unsymmetrical. They average about 5 
feet in height. 
The Belgian pines form a stand particularly dense and in which 
there are practically no failures. The trees are now I1 to 13 feet 
tall and have fully conquered the soil. A carpet of needles has 
begun to form beneath them and they are self-pruning their lower 
branches. This stand is the darkest green of all. 
The Pfalzian pines, from seed gathered nearby, average about 
II or 12 feet in height, with very little death rate, are dark green 
and healthy, but owing to the vigor of growth there has been a 
little snowbreak. They seem to differ in no important particular 
from the Belgian trees unless they are a little more symmetrical and 
slightly shorter. 
The Finnish pines are of a uniform light yellow color, averaging 
about 4 feet in height with considerable death rate. The needles 
are short and the whole appearance of the stand indicates slow yet 
uniform and symmetrical growth, which are the features to be ex- 
pected from pines coming from a region with so short a growing 
season as Finland. 
The results of this interesting experiment are ands forecasted, 
and they show that seed for forest planting should come from a 
source with a climate, at least, similar to that in which the seeds 
are to be grown, especially if it be a species with as wide a climatic 
range as the Scotch pine. 
Future visitors to this range will also be interested in the experi- 
ments recently started with seed from (1) crooked, (2) wolfy, (3) 
symmetrical mature, and (4) young trees, to determine whether the 
parentage has any influence on the progeny in the transmission of 
such characters as crookedness, unsymmetrical growth, vigor etc. 
Fully as interesting as these experiments, especially to the 
American visitor, is the famous Hacke stand of white pine 120 years 
