EEPOKT OF THE ENTOMOLOGIST. " 279 



galls made by otlier insects. He states that A. sutiiralis is inquilinons 

 iu the galls made by Phylloxera carjjcc-glohuli Walsh, and F/i. cnnjce- 

 folii (Fitch), upon the leaves of hickory trees, and that A. sycophanfa 

 "Walsh, * was bred by him in large numbers from various Saw-fly galls 

 on willows. A third species, A. cratcc'gi Walsh,t was obtained by him 

 from a Cecidomyidous gall {G. cratccgi-])licayVfa\s\i) on Thorn {Gratagus 

 crus-galli). 



AVe have on several occasions bred A. sycopJianta from the Saw-fly galls 

 indicated by Mr. Walsh. Still more frequently we have found upon 

 opening Phylloxera galls on Hickory (and particularly Ph. caryccgum- 

 mosa Kiley, and Ph. carycc-glohnli Walsh) specimens of the tyiiical A. 

 suiuralis : but those so obtained show no variation in the direction of the 

 typical A. nmscuhis nor of its varieties as presently indicated, and this 

 conlirms the conclusions presently drawn from other considerations, 

 that A. suturalis is specifically different fi'om A. muscitlus. We have 

 also found, with Mr. Schwarz, a third species {A. fiavicornis Boh.), 

 having close aflinity with musculus, inquilinous in an uudescnbed Ce- 

 cidomyidous gall on the leaves of Solatium eleagnifoUum, in Texas. 



We have just seen that the breeding habits of four species having 

 close aflinity with J., musculus have been ascertained, and from this anal- 

 ogy we might conclude that this last-named species would also be, iu 

 the larva state, an inquiline in some gall made by another insect. IJn- 

 fortunately, however, the "unity of habit" is by no means preserved in 

 the genus Ant]t,onor,ius, at least so far as our ^orth American species are 

 concerned. Among the species allied to A. musculus there is still one 

 of which the breeding habits are known, viz, A. juniper inus^ Sanborn, 

 which breeds in Poduoma, a tough fungus on juniper trees. Among the 

 other species we hardly need refer to A. quadrigibbus, Say, because it 

 is only too well known as the Apple Curculio, its larva living within 

 apples. Another very large species, A. grandis, Boh., we have reared 

 at this Department from dwarfed cotton bolls sent from Northern Mex- 

 ico by Dr. Edward Palmer. Sir. Schwarz has observed the oviposition 

 of A. gularis, Le G., in the blossoms of Gassia marylandica (Bull. Brook- 

 lyn Ent. Soc). 



Turning our attention to the European species of Anthonomus, we 

 findasummary of the species observed in the larva state in the admira- 

 ble work of Ed. Perris, " Larves de Col^opt^res" (p. 401). Six. species, 

 {A. pomorum, pyri, druparum, pruni, pedicularius, and rubi) are known 

 to oviposit in the not yet opened blossoms, chiefly of fruit trees, the 

 larvae living within the blossoms which they prevent from further de- 

 velopment. A single species, A. sjnlotiis, forms an exception to this rule. 

 It deposits one egg within the young, not yet unfolded, leaf of the pear 

 tree. Either by the egg-puncture of the parent beetle or by the action 

 of the young larva this leaf remains rolled up, tlius forming an excellent 

 shelter for the larva which feeds upon the substance of the leaf. 



The larvfe of all known species of Anthonomus never enter the ground, 

 but transform to pui^a within the blossom or fruit they have attacked. 



REMEDIES. 



But little was done in the way of experimenting with remedies. The 

 agent of a patent mixture, known as Dr. Wolfs Vermm Soap, visited 



*This species is also closely allied in shape and sculpture to A. musculus, but the 

 elytra are not shining, and the ecnlptnro of the thorax is verj' coarao. 



tThis belongs to the gronp of Jnthonovius, in which the funicle^of the antennae is 

 6-jointed- 



