EEPORT OF THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 327 



THE PINE PHEOGYMA. 



{PJieocyma luni/era Hiibner.) 



Tlie caterpillar of this noctuid moth is of frequent occurrence on piiic 

 troc.-^, especially the vrhite pine and pitch pine, in Maine, where I have 

 observed it for several years. In Xorthern Xew England the larva 

 occurs through August into the first week of September, when it trans- 

 forms into a chrysalis, the moth appearing May 10. I am indebted to 

 M r. John B. Smith for the identification of the species. 



The caterpillar is, like nearly all those which live on trees, protected 

 from the observations of its eneniies, such as birds, ichneumons, «S:c., 

 by its similarity in color to the bark of the twigs on which it often rests, 

 while the reddish stripes are concolorous with the base of the needles 

 of the pine. 



The caterpillars vary a good deal. Some are wood or horn bro-^n, or 

 the body is decidedly reddish, with the longitudinal band more distinct 

 than usual; some are green with white lines, but the warts and head 

 as in the more usual varieties. They are closely similar to the larvie of 

 HomoiUera and Catocala. 



THE EYEEGEEEN CLEORA. 



{Cleora pulchraria Minot.) 



The caterpillar of this pretty moth is of common occurrence on the 

 spruce, fir, and hemlock. In certain years it is quite common, and was 

 observed in greater abundance on spruce and firs along the road from 

 the Glen House, TVhito Mountains, to Jackson, X. H., than elsewhere. 

 It is so common on these trees as to merit especial attention. 



The caterpillars were observed in the White Mountains during the 

 first week in July. They began July 18 to spin a loose, thin, open, 

 slight yellowish cocoon among the leaves, the pupa state lasting about 

 three weeks, the moths appearing August 14. On the coast of Maine 

 it occurs on the hemlock, some of the caterpillars being without the 

 usual black spots on the sides of the body. The moths are found fly- 

 ing in the woods through September. At Providence we have beaten 

 the chrysalides out of hemlocks early in October, the moths appearing 

 soon after. The green chrysalides, which are striped with white, are very 

 pretty objects. They rest among the leaves in a loose network of yel- 

 low silk threads, retaining their hold by the curved hooks on the large 

 spine (cremaster) at the end of the body. The caterpillar is a very pretty 

 one, being yellowish, spotted with black on the head and body. It is 

 similar to the larva of Zerene eatenaria, but less conspicuously marked. 



DrscmrxiVE. — Larva. — Body moderately thiclv, of tlio snmo diameter tUroughont, 

 fijiiooth, with no Tvarts, but somewhat wrinkled. Head of the same width as Ixuly, 

 f.li<:;litlT wider than tbe protuoracic aejrnieiit, and above slightly swollen on eacli siiio 

 of the deep median suture; pale whitish, sometimes reddisJi bros\'ri, with live or six 

 ]nr<fO black spots and smaller minute dots. Body whitish horn (testaceous, often red- 

 dish) with a yellowish tint. On the first segment are four dorsal black dots arrao<;ed 

 in a square ; on the second and third segments a single transverse row of four nnefiiial 

 black dots, as also on the abdominal segments. A lateral baud, yellow except near 

 tbe sutures, below which on the sides of the body are four narrow, wavy, broken, dark 

 hair-lines, arranged in two sets. Sapra-anal plate with four black spots; anal legsof 

 moderate size, tlesh-red spotted with black-brown. Thoracic feet p.'ilo llesh color, or 

 banded Avith brown and dark at the tips. Body beneath pale flesh, with two dark, 

 faint lines. Often on each side of the clear, reddish-brown back is a row of long, nar- 

 row, lanceolate, oval, snow-white spots, edged narrowly, but distinctly, with brown. 

 Tho lateral hand is sometimes very distinct, and incloses on the upper edge the black, 



