BUEEAU OP ANIMAL INDUSTRY. 501 



very numerous, leaving but little of the deeply congested, purplish 

 membrane exposed to view. ** 



In this animal the effect of the bacteria was far less corrosive, but 

 U'.o inflammation of the kidneys and lymphatic glands more severe. On 

 (!over-glass preparations of the spleen cf both of these animals, the 

 t haracteristic bacterium was found, far more abundant in the latter case, 

 liowever. In these cases, therefore, the feeding of pure cultures was 

 si'.llicieut to bring about a most severe type of the disease. A gelatine 

 tube culture, each of blood from the heart and from the spleen from 

 both animals, proved pure. Likewise four liquid cultures irom tho same 

 sources; each contained tho motile bacterium only; all grew alike on 

 plates, tho colonies identical with those of preceding cultures. 



On December 19 two pigs (iTos. 7G, 118) were fad with about SO^" each 

 of various pure liquid culture's from six to ten days eld. Five cf them 

 were from tho spleen of pigs, cud frcm a mouse. For a few days after 

 December 23 tho bowels of No. 118 were loose and the animal was dull 

 and off its feed; thence it continued to improve. It was killed Jan- 

 uary 7 when apparently well. The only evidences cf disease were a 

 moderate enlargement of lymphatics of abdomen, which contained a con- 

 siderable (piautity of straw-colored serum. In the lungs, which were 

 in general of normal consistency and color, there were numerous puucti- 

 form foci, of a dark red color. The caecum and colon contained no ecchy- 

 moscs or ulcers ; membrane pale. The walls, however, were much thick- 

 ened, so that they scarcely collapsed when cut open and emptied. This 

 feature recalled the condition of the colon in No. 115, which had been 

 fed with cultures and in which the great thickening was accompanied 

 by complete superlicial necrosis. Spleen evidently free from bacteria, 

 as shown by one culture and cover-glass preparations. It is highly 

 probable that the thickening of tho intestine was due to the ingested 

 cultures, and that the animal was quite insusceptible. 



No. 70, an old animal which had failed to take tho disease before when 

 exposed to it, remained unaffected after the feeding. 



Quite different from most of the cases described was that of No. 89, 

 exposed November 5 to the disease with those vaccinated with Pasteur's 

 attenuated virus. It presented no very marked symptoms of disease, 

 excepting a slight elevation cf temperature. November 23 both eyes 

 became inflamed; it moved about with difliculty, and on December 5 it 

 was evidently dying, so that it was thought best to kill it, which was 

 accomplished by a blow on the head. The skin of the abdomen was 

 covered with brownish, papery scales, which came away readily, expos- 

 ing a perfectly clean, white skin. Tho superficial inguinnl glamls were 

 very largo, ])ale, and infiltrated with much serum. Spleen dotted with 

 a few red points. Liver pale; on its surface, small, yellowish patches 

 hero and there. They cut like cartilage and formed the walls of small 

 cysts, containing a soft, brownish pulp. Small portions cf tho lungs 

 converted into a dull red, hepatized tissue, probably due to the pres- 

 ence of numerous lung-worms. Heart normal. Lymphatic glands of 

 mesentery and meso-colon very large, but pale and tough. Stcnuich 

 and small intestine apparently normal. About one-half of the large in- 

 testine, including the ccecum, was studded with yellowish ulcers, closely 

 icsoinbling those depicted on Plate I. 



This case corresponded closely with those which had come under our 

 observation for more than a year past. All inflammatory processes 

 had apparently subsided, leaving nothing but the extensive intestinal 

 ulcerations as witnesses of the former presence of the disease. Even 

 tho mucous membrane surrounding the ulcers was palo, so that any one 



