514 REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONER OP AGRICULTURE. 



without waruing. Some of these cases (pig No. 94) present the hemor- 

 rhagic type of the disease very distinctly. In the majority of cases wliich 

 came under our observation recently, the disease lasted from one to two 

 weeks. The most prominent symptoms are those of great debility and 

 ca])ricions appetite. In about one-half of the cases, diarrhea set in after 

 three or four days. The feces are usually liquid, at times blood-staiiK-d. 

 In those cases where ulceration is extensive, diarrhea is always pi-csi-iit. 

 The rectal temperature is usually high, but variable and not at all reli- 

 able as a means of determining the intensity of the disease. 



Lesions observed after death, — Discoloration or reddening of the skin i.-> 

 quite rare. When present, it is usuall}' found about the genitals in both 

 sexes. The subcutaneous fatty tissue is frequently of a diffuse redness 

 and rarely stuc^ded with small extravasations. 



The peritoneal cavity usually contains more or less straw-colored se- 

 rum in advanced cases. In those which die quite -suddenly serous 

 effusions are absent. The coils of the intestine are noAv and then cov- 

 ered with a few fibrinous, stringy coagula, indicating slight peritonitis. 

 Beneath the serous covering of the intestines extravasations of blood 

 are quite common in very acute cases. They are most frequently en- 

 countered on the large intestine throughout its entire length or limited 

 to the coecum. Occasionally a few coils of the ileum are covered with 

 punctiform ecchymoses. They are found now and then on the stomach. 

 Only once did we see large ecchj^moses in the fatty tissue surrounding 

 the kidney. 



The spleen is usually considerably swollen, dark, gorged with blood, 

 and very friable. On its surfaces and borders, in acute cases, raised 

 blood-red points are frequently encountered. The liver is sometimes 

 enlarged, sometimes highly congested, and is found quite pale at other 

 times. Occasionally its surface is mottled with pale greenish patches. 

 The kidneys are more or less changed. In those animals inoculated hy- 

 podermically as well as in a few others, they were A'ery large. Fre- 

 quently the surface is dotted with a variable number ot dark-red points, 

 is commonly much congested; even the tips of the papdke may assume 

 a dusky hue. The cortical portion in some cases is the seat of a hemor- 

 rhagic inflammation. On section it is dotted with closely set, dark-red 

 points, probably the glomeruli in a state of extreme engorgement. 



The heart is but slightly affected. The pericardium is always more 

 or less distended with fluid. In acute cases a variable number of 

 punctiform and larger extravasations are present beneath the epicar- 

 dium of the auricular appendages. More rarely a few are found beneath 

 the endocardium of the ventricles. The right side is, as a. rule, dis- 

 tended with a dark coagulum and left nearly empty. 



The lungs are in nniny cases normal, both in cases of rapid deatii and 

 protracted disease. Wc have seen many cases in which perfectly sound 

 lungs accompanied extensively ulcerated intestines. In a moderate 

 number of acute, virulent cases, the lungs are, in general, collapsed and 

 pale. Under the pleura, however, there are seen small patches ot i\ 

 dark red color, which correspond to limited regions of dark hepatized 

 tissue not much more than one-quarter inch in diameter. These foci 

 are always found throughout the lung tissue in greater or less abni: 

 dance. In the advanced stages of chronic swine plague, the major part 

 of the lungs may be completely hepatized. This condition wc ha\e 

 found but rarely, and may depend on circumstances not yet clrrarly un- 

 derstood. 



The lymphatic glands are always more or less affected, those of the 

 thorax as well as those of the abdomen. The glands at the root of the 



